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The effects of rehabilitation on intellectually-disabled people - a systematic review


EJ Sechoaro
B Scrooby
DP Koen

Abstract

Background: Rehabilitation has emerged as a comprehensive approach to addressing intellectually-disabled  peoples’ skill deficits, improving competencies and facilitating optimal functioning in order to provide the greatest possible measure of social and economic participation, self-reliance and independence.
Objective: To synthesise critically and summarise the best available evidence of the effects of rehabilitation on intellectually-disabled people.
Method: Literature searches of different electronic databases and manual searches were conducted using selected keywords. Studies on the effects of rehabilitation on intellectuallydisabled people were selected systematically, appraised critically for methodological quality and summarised.
Results: Rehabilitation interventions indicated good outcomes with regard to intellectuallydisabled people.  Findings showed that people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities improved in terms of activities of daily living (ADL) after rehabilitation. Improvement was noted in ADL, self-care skills, communication skills and cognitive achievements.
Conclusion: Findings demonstrated positive rehabilitation effects on intellectually-disabled people. This study contributes to the comprehensive nursing care of intellectually-disabled people by endorsement of the  effectiveness of rehabilitation in terms of ADL, self-care skills, communication skills and cognitive achievements. The collected evidence of this study may contribute to the education of more effective nurse practitioners involved in the daily care and rehabilitation of intellectually-disabled people.

Agtergrond: Rehabilitasie het ontwikkel in ’n omvattende benadering met ’n kombinasie van behandelingsmetodes om die veelvoudige hindernisse wat met intellektuele gestremdheid geassosieer word die hoof te bied. Rehabilitasie word gebruik om die intellektueel gestremde mense se vaardigheidstekorte aan te  pak, bevoegdheid te bevorder en optimal funksionering te fasiliteer met die beste moontlike sosiale en  ekonomiese deelname, onafhanklikheid, selfstandigheid en selfbeskikking as doelwit.
Doelstelling: Hierdie sistematiese literatuuroorsig het die beskikbare bewyse van die effek van rehabilitasie op intellektueel gestremde mense ondersoek en beskryf.
Metode: Literatuur soektogte van verskillende elektroniese databasisse en handsoektogte was gedoen deur geselekteerde sleutelwoorde te gebruik. Studies oor die effekte van rehabilitasie op die intellektueel gestremde persone was stelselmatig geselekteer, krities ontleed vir metodologiese kwaliteit en opgesom.
Resultate: Rehabilitasie-intervensies het goeie uitkomste op intellektueel gestremde mense getoon. Bevindinge het getoon dat mense met ligte tot matige intellektuele gestremdhede ten opsigte van daaglikse aktiwiteite na rehabilitasie verbeter het. Vordering is opgemerk in daaglikse leefaktiwiteite, selfsorgvaardighede,  kommunikasievaardighede en kognitiewe prestasie.
Gevolgtrekkings: Bevindinge het positiewe rehabilitasie effekte op die intellektueel gestremde mense getoon. Hierdie studie dra by tot die omvattende verpleging van intellektueel gestremde mense deur ondersteuning van die doeltreffendheid van rehabilitasie met betrekking tot daaglikse leefaktiwiteite, selfsorgvaardighede,  kommunikasievaardighede en kognitiewe prestasie te gee. Die bewyse wat in hierdie studie ingesamel is, kan bydra tot die opleiding van doeltreffender verpleegkundiges wat by die daaglikse versorging en rehabilitasie van
intellektueel gestremde mense betrokke is.

 

Article in English.


Journal Identifiers


eISSN: 2071-9736
print ISSN: 1025-9848