Comparative evaluation of enzyme activities and phenol content of Irish potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) grown under EM and IMO manures Bokashi

Abstract

Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the world’s most consumed staple. In order to develop natural fertilizers to increase Irish potato yield, we assessed the use of manures (EM Bokashi and IMO Bokashi, which are cocktail of beneficial bacteria; used as a soil remediation and health measure in many organic farms) on potato tubers in Bambili village in the North West Region of Cameroon, through evaluating biochemical parameters such as the phenol content, and the activities of peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and pectinmethyl esterase (PME) enzymes. In this respect, a land of 18 x 8 m² with six plots of 18 beds each was used to cultivate the plant. The plant length and weight of tubers were quantified in the field. Relative to controls (55.96 ± 25.83 cm), both EM and IMO Bokashi produced longer plants (73.85 ± 27.74 cm and 65.25 ± 23.45 cm respectively) but between experimental plants, EM Bokashi led to heavier tuber weights (234 ± 132 g) compared to IMO Bokashi. Interestingly, biochemical analyses showed the highest phenolic content and PME activity in plants treated with EM Bokashi. All treatments significantly increased POX activity while they decreased PPO activity. In addition, significant and positive correlations (P < 0.01) were observed between stem length and PME activity independent of treatment. Plant treated with IMO Bokashi had significant and positive correlations between stem length and weight on the one hand and between stem length and biochemical parameters on the other hand. These findings showed that EM and IMO Bokashi treatments increased the phenol content, PME, PPO and POX activities during the growth of S. tuberosum and can thus be used to improve its growth and productivity.

Keywords: Solanum tuberosum, phenol content, biochemical markers, Bokashi manures, productivity