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Published:
Sep 8, 2015DOI:
10.4314/tjpr.v14i8.6Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Pinitol suppresses tumor necrosis factor-α-induced invasion of prostate cancer LNCaP cells by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB-Mediated matrix Metalloproteinase-9 expression
Abstract
Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) together with Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression of MMP-9 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits, p65 and p50, in TNF-α- treated LNCaP cells, while 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation were used to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis. MMP-9 activity and invasion were measured by gelatin zymography and matrigel invasion assay, respectively. DNA-binding activity of NF-κB and AP-1 was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase activity.
Results: MMP-9 activity significantly increased in response to TNF-α; however, pinitol reduced TNF-α- induced MMP-9 activity without cytotoxicity. Matrigel invasion assay showed that pinitol reduced TNF-α-induced invasion of prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Further, it downregulated the expression of MMP-9 gene induced by TNF-α-treatment. Pinitol suppressed TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity by suppressing nuclear translocation of the NF-κB subunits, p65 and p50.
Conclusion: The results indicate that pinitol is a potential anti-invasive agent and acts by suppressing TNF-α-induced cancer cell invasion and specifically inhibiting NF-κB as well as downstream target genes such as MMP-9.
