Evaluation of the performance of the ABO Rhd Blood Grouping rapid test compared to conventional methods

Abstract

Context and objectives. The qualification of blood products is essential to prevent transfusion accidents. Conventional methods, while reliable, are costly and require stringent technical and logistical conditions. Rapid tests, which are more affordable and easier to use, could be provide an alternative. The present study evaluates the performance of the rapid ABO and RhD blood grouping test in several laboratories in Kinshasa. Methods. A descriptive case-series study was carried out from November 2023 to December 2024 among volunteer blood donors at the blood bank of the Kinshasa University Hospital (KUH) and at the National Blood Transfusion Center (NBTC). The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the rapid test were compared with conventional methods, considered as reference. Results. Blood grouping results showed perfect agreement between conventional methods (slide, tube and gel card methods) and the rapid test (ABO and RhD blood grouping), which showed 100% sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. Conclusion. Given their comparable performance to conventional methods, rapid tests are a reliable alternative for blood grouping, particularly in difficult environments.

Received: January1^st, 2025

Accepted: October 5^th, 2025

https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/aamed.v19i1.10