Character networks and relational dynamics in Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus

Abstract

Human relationships lie at the core of narrative fiction. In Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, although feminist, postcolonial, and psychological perspectives have been widely explored, the structural dynamics of character interaction remain underexamined. This study addresses that gap by applying Social Network Theory to analyse how patterns of centrality, clustering, and bridging shape the novel's relational architecture and thematic development. The research combines close reading with computational network analysis to map and quantify character interactions, including dialogue and non-verbal communication. Using weighted undirected graphs, the study visualises the evolving structure of relationships in the narrative. The analysis reveals that Eugene's dominance is reflected in his central network position, marked by coercive influence. At the same time, Kambili and Jaja serve as bridging figures, facilitating shifts toward autonomy and resistance. Clustering analysis highlights the contrast between Eugene's household, with its closed, hierarchical structure, and the open, communal network surrounding Aunty Ifeoma in Nsukka. These findings suggest that Purple Hibiscus constructs its narrative through dynamic social networks, where power, identity, and transformation are negotiated through changing patterns of connection.