Bacteriological assessment of coastal waters: A case study of terga beach

Abstract

This study investigates the bacteriological quality of coastal waters at Terga Beach, Ain Temouchent, Algeria. In August 2024, five water samples were collected using sterile 900 mL glass bottles and analyzed within six hours using ISO-standard membrane filtration methods to detect total coliforms, faecal coliforms (Escherichia coli), faecal streptococci, and clostridia (Clostridium perfringens). Results showed uncountable levels of total and faecal coliforms (>2400 CFU/100 mL), indicating severe recent faecal contamination, likely from untreated domestic wastewater. Faecal streptococci averaged 5 CFU/100 mL (±1.58), while clostridia averaged 11.2 CFU/100 mL (±1.30), pointing to intermittent and historical pollution. These values exceed national and international bathing water standards, raising public health concerns. The study calls for improved wastewater infrastructure, stricter environmental enforcement, and routine microbiological monitoring using advanced techniques. These measures are vital for protecting coastal ecosystems and ensuring safe recreational water use.