Contraceptive non-use and associated factors among university students in 22 countries.
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate contraceptive non-use and associated factors (socio-demographics, sexual behaviour, internal assets and mental health) among undergraduate university students in 22 countries.
Methods: Using anonymous questionnaires, data was collected from 16979 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.8, SD=2.8) from 23 universities in 22 countries.
Results: Of the total sample of 16979 undergraduate university students, 7032 (41.9%) reported to have been sexually active in the past 12 months. Of those who had been sexually active, 42.6% reported never (42.7% among male and 42.6% among female students) using contraceptives in the past 12 months. In multivariate regression analysis, among both men and women, younger age, religious affiliation (Hindu; and among women only being Muslim), intrinsic religiosity, and sexually protective behaviour were associated with contraceptive non-use. Lack of internal assets (among men, low life satisfaction and lack of personal control, and among women low personal mastery) ; among women not having depressive symptoms
and among men having PTSD symptoms were associated with contraceptive non-use.
Conclusion: Low contraceptive use was found and several factors identified as associated with contraceptive non-use may help guide intervention efforts.
Keywords: Birth control, practice, undergraduate students, socio-demographic factors, sexual variables, internal assets, mental health, multi-country.
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