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Published:
Jun 26, 2026DOI:
10.4314/ahs.v26i2.2Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Clinical severity of pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is associated with Hypocholesterolemia among adult patients in Uganda
Abstract
Background: Hypocholesterolaemia in pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) patients is disregarded but is a predictor of poor survival.
Objectives: To determine serum lipid profile differences at diagnosis and various times of medication based on sex, HIV(human immune virus) and wasting status and factors associated with hypocholesterolaemia.
Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to assess triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) among 414 participants.
Results: Majority of the participants were males(239/414)(58%), with a median age of 28years. TB patients showed significantly lower lipid profile at diagnosis regardless of HIV-status and sex. Presence of anaemia among HIV-seropositive participants with TB, prevalence ratio(PR):2.6, 95%confidence interval(CI):1.0-7.1, p<0.05) and HIV-seronegative participants with TB(PR:2.5, 95%CI:1.1-5.5, p<0.05), moderate/severe TB(PR:2.5,95%CI:1.1-5.5, p<0.05) and CD4 cells>200(PR:0.3 95%CI:0.1-0.8, p<0.05) among HIV-seropositive participants with TB were associated with HDL-hypocholesterolaemia. Male sex, moderate/severe TB, body wasting, dyspnoea and chest pain were independently associated with TC-hypocholesterolaemia. Regardless of sex and wasting status, the pattern of cholesterol recovery was similar at varying times.
Conclusion: We envisage that hypocholesterolemia is a marker of clinical TB-disease severity and its recovery indicates treatment response.
Keywords: Tuberculosis; Wasting; Hypocholesterolemia.
