Main Article Content

Enterococcus faecium multicenter antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Tunisia (2010-2022): high vancomycin resistance rates and linezolid resistance emergence


Anis Raddaoui
Mouna Louisa Ben Moussa
Yosra Chebbi
Siwar Frigui
Sadok Bougharriou
Lamia Kanzari
Khaoula Meftah
Hajer Battikh
Ons Haddad
Sarra Dhraief
Salma Kaoual
Yassmine Maatouk
Khouloud Ben Dhaou
Manel Hamdoun
Senda Mezghani
Faouzia Mahjoubi
Yosr Kadri
M Marzouk
A Ghariani
Farouk Barguellil
Olfa Bahri
Jalel Boukadida
Neila Hannachi
Sophia Besbes
Lamia Thabet
Maha Mastouri
Meriem Zribi
Hanen Smaoui
Leila Slim
Emna Mhiri
Ilhem Boutiba-Ben Boubaker
Adnene Hammami
Hela Karray
Ramzi Ouhichi
Wafa Achour

Abstract

Background: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium is classified among World Health Organization priority pathogens for Research and development of new antibiotics. This study presents the results of 13-year surveillance of antibiotic resistance in E. faecium, with a specific focus on vancomycin and linezolid resistance in thirteen university hospitals across various regions of Tunisia.


Methods: All participating laboratories followed a standardized methodology for clinical sample culture, bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility testing according to CA-SFM guidelines, result interpretation, epidemiological data collection. Additionally, they implemented quality controls.


Findings: During the surveillance period, 2,931 E. faecium isolates were collected, predominantly from urine (49.1%) and blood cultures (24%), with high prevalence in Surgery Departments (30.3%) and Intensive Care Units (23.6%). Resistance rates were high for ampicillin (87.1%), erythromycin (93.6%), gentamicin (62.8%) and vancomycin (26%). Since 2019, six linezolid-resistant isolates have been isolated and only one isolate resistant to tigecycline was identified in 2021. Vancomycin resistance had significant upward trend since 2012, peaking at 38.1% in 2017. It was significantly associated to gentamicin (84.9% vs. 53.8%) (p<0.0001) and erythromycin95.8% vs. 89.6%) (p=0.0001) in a five year period (2018 - 2022).


Conclusion: This worrying situation requires deeper investigations to develop adapted strategies with targeted measures in high-risk departments.


Keywords: Enterococcus faecium; vancomycin resistance; linezolid resistance.


Journal Identifiers


eISSN: 1729-0503
print ISSN: 1680-6905