Applications of response surface methodology approach to determine the effect of temperature, time of incubation and light conditions on germination and germ tube growth of <i>Puccinia coronata</i> f.sp. <i>avenae</i> urediosopores

Abstract

Crown rust caused by Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae is the most damaging disease on oat. This work analyzed the effects of temperature and illumination regime during different time of incubation on both spore germination and germ tube growth, using both analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface methodology (RSM). This study reveals that the maximum of germination approached 95% under dark conditions at 20°C. Similarly, the maximum germ tube length was 125±23 μm under dark conditions at the same temperature after 18 h. Both spore germination and germ tube growth were observed over a wider temperature range of 5 to 30°C. The darkness conditions seem to enhance significantly (P < 0.05) both the germination and germ tube growth. After 4 h of incubation, germination was significantly higher under darkness regime at 15, 20 and 25°C than under light conditions. The effect of darkness conditions on germ tube growth paralleled its effect on germination. Furthermore, the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimal conditions of temperature, time and illuminations conditions for both the germination process and germ tube growth of urediospores for P. coronata f.sp. coronata. Values for the optimal germination and germ tube growth were 20°C and 8 h under darkness conditions. Moreover, urediospores of P. coronata f.sp. coronata germination and germ tube growth had followed a quadratic response function on temperature (R² = 0.94 and 0.97). On the other hand, the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted ones and the model was highly significant with the correlation coefficient R being 0.97 and 0.98, respectively for germination and germ tube growth.

Key words: Puccinia coronata f.sp. avenae, temperature, time, illuminations conditions, germination process, germ tube growth, urediospores.