School and peer group influences on harmful sexual behaviour in children: perspectives of South African social workers

Abstract

 Harmful sexual behaviour (HSB) among children is an increasing concern in South Africa. Schools, where children spend much of their time, are critical contexts for prevention and response. This article explores the perspectives of eighteen South African social workers on the role of schools and peer groups as contributing factors to HSB. A qualitative, exploratory design was used, with semi-structured interviews conducted with social workers working with children who displayed HSB. Data were analysed thematically. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological perspective, the study highlights insufficient sexuality education, lack of supervision in schools, and peer pressure as key risk factors. Findings align with local and international literature and emphasise the need for context-specific responses. Recommendations include strengthening supervision, embedding skills-based sexuality education that includes legal knowledge, and equipping educators with referral pathways to social workers.

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