Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of contagious <i>Caprine pleuropneumonia</i> in goats in selected districts of bale zone pastoral area, south eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was undertaken from March 2017 - June 2017 to estimate the seroprevalence of CCPP and to assess its putative risk factors in goats in three selected districts of Bale Zone pastoral area, Oromia regional state, South Eastern Ethiopia. A total of 423 sera samples collected from goats were examined for Mccp specific antibodies using Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (c-ELISA) test. Out of the total examined sera, 147 samples were positive for CCPP, giving an overall seroprevalence of 34.75% in the study areas. Seroprevalence rates of 41.79%, 33.64% and 28.82% were recorded in Sawena, Dawe Kachan and Madda Walabu districts, respectively. However, there was no statistical significant difference (χ²=1.743; P=0.418) in CCPP antibodies seropositivity among the three districts. Moreover, no significant difference (p>0.05) was observed between seropositivity and sex and body condition scores. Multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis revealed that age category, flock size, newly introduced goats and accessibility to veterinary service delivery were significantly associated (p<0.05) with the CCPP seropositivity. Consequently, adult age groups (OR=2.496), large flock (OR=3.416), inaccessibility to veterinary service (OR=2.508) were at higher risk of infection with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia than their counter groups (p<0.05). All of the pastoralists responded as their goats frequently contacted with other flocks, uncontrolled movement of goats and congregation at watering point that implied potential risk factors which played a role for the existence and transmission of the disease in the study districts. The present seroepidemiological investigation indicated that CCPP is the major goat health problem in the area which warrants implementation of appropriate and integrated control and prevention programs to mitigate the disease impact through multidirectional approaches.

Keywords: Bale zone, c-ELISA, CCPP, Goats, pastoral area, Risk Factors, sero-prevalence