Determination of Appropriate Source-to-Detector Distance Dependence of Gamma Spectrometry System to Achieve Higher Resolution

Abstract

Operation of gamma spectrometry requires intensive monitoring of gamma ray fluxes. When a radioactive intense source is placed close to a crystal detector, it becomes saturated as a result of detector dead time. On the contrary, when placed far away, there is loss of count statistics. For this reason, optimal position for placing the source has to be investigated. With the improvement in the instrumentation of radiation detection applications over the years, high count rate measurement accuracy is more crucial than ever. This is due to periodic measurement and new correction models for dead time. The aim of this study is to examine the performance of two gamma spectroscopic systems. The source detector distance dependence on dead time, peak-to-compton ratio, overall amplifier gain, FWHM, and voltage variation were investigated using American standard procedures (ANSI/IEE -325). Measurements were performed at five (5) different distances of detector cap for four (4) point sources (Co-60, Eu-152, Cs-137 and Ba-133). Source-to-detector distance at 25 cm was improved to avoid summing coincidence and dead time correction. The results obtained at 25 cm showed that the dead time was found less than 1% as compared to 4 cm. This will describe the stability of dead time. It also indicated that for both detectors the rise in biased voltage will yield a good resolution at 1332.5 KeV. This study is significant as it provides information to ensure that detectors are kept at optimal distance to achieve good dead time.