Ambición política, retórica sagrada y complejidad textual: (re)interpretando tensiones histórico-literarias en los sermones de los santos
Abstract
Actualmente, la oratoria sagrada ha recibido poca atención de la crítica literaria española, a pesar de haber sido uno de los géneros textuales más cultivados en el discurso religioso trasatlántico de la Nueva España. El presente artículo lleva a cabo una reinterpretación de los sermones novohispanos a través de un análisis comparativo de las conexiones hispano-portuguesas entre el Sermón de San Jvan Evangelista del jesuita portugués Antonio Vieira, el Sermon [...] de [...] S. Ivan por el obispo español Joseph de Barcia, y el Sermon [...] qve Celebra la Compañía de Bethlem, por el jesuita novohispano Pedro de Avendaño. Haciendo uso de la estrategia crítica tripartita, se argumentará que todos estos textos lidian con un conflicto sociopolítico-religioso; que todos utilizan temas cristianos como herramientas retóricas; y que todos reflejan las relaciones de poder entre los sacerdotes y los nativos, los amos y los sirvientes, o aquellos que gobiernan y los que son gobernados.
English title: Political Ambition, Sacred Oratory and Textual Complexity: (Re)Interpreting Historic and Literary Tensions in the Sermons of the Saints
The study of sacred oratory has received little attention from Spanish literary critics even though it was one of the most cultivated textual genres in the transatlantic religious discourse of New Spain. This article reinterprets colonial sermons through a comparative analysis of the Luso-Hispanic connections between the Sermón de San Jvan Evangelista by the Portuguese Jesuit Antonio Vieira, the Sermon [...] de [...] S. Ivan by the Spanish bishop Joseph de Barcia, and the Sermon [...] qve Celebra la Compañía de Bethlem by the New Spain Jesuit Pedro de Avendaño. Using the tripartite critical strategy, this paper will argue that all the texts deal with a religious, political, or social conflict; that all of them use Christian (or Greco- Roman) themes as rhetorical tools; and that all of them reflect the power relations between priests and natives, masters and servants, or rulers and subjects.
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