Effect of phyto-components of <i>Allium sativum</i> and <i>Syzyginum aromaticum</i> on the performance and biochemical indices in grower broiler chickens

Abstract

The potentials of Allium sativum and Syzyginum aromaticum on the performance and immunocompetence of grower broiler chickens was focused in this study. A total of one hundred and five (105) day old broiler chicks(Anak breed) were used in the study. Broiler starter diet was used to managed the birds until they attained five weeks of age. Thereafter, they were randomly allotted to seven treatments of 15 birds of three replicate each. To the treatments T1- T5: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g Kg^-1 garlic-clove blend was supplemented, while 5g Kg^-1 garlic alone (T6) and 2g Kg^-1 clove alone (T7) were supplemented to the diets. Water, and supplemented feed were offered ad libitum. The duration of the experiment lasted to five weeks. Phytochemical analysis of the two spices revealed the presence of Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, phenols, terpenoids, anthraquinones and tannins, while, quantitative phytochemical screening showed high amount of Alkaloids (7.20 ± 0.05mg/100g), tannins (4.80 ± 0.03mg/100g), saponins (4.30 ± 0.02 mg/100g), flavonoids (2.18 ± 0.03), and anthraquinones (1.40 ± 0.03 mg/100g). The proximate analysis of Syzyginum aromaticum also revealed high amount of Carbohydrates (oligosaccharides) (52.2 ± 0.02), fibre (20.00 ± 0.1), fats (12.1 ± 0.45) and ash (5.2 ± 0.01). The Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in all the treatments was comparable to the control and better in T2, T5, T6 and T7. There was no significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in the serum Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and serum Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase (SGOT) between the treatments and the control group. The serum total protein and the serum albumin in the treated groups were not significantly different ((P≤ 0.05) while the serum globulin differ (P≤ 0.05) between the treatments and the control groups. The performance characteristics and serum biochemical indices displayed by the experimental birds clearly showed the potency of these spices in improving the immuno-competence of the experimental birds.