Prevalence of microvascular complications among men with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Microvascular complications such as erectile dysfunction (ED) and nephropathy remain major causes of morbidity among men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of ED and nephropathy among men with T2DM. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Data on sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors were obtained from records and interviews. Associations were tested using chi-square and logistic regression analyses. Most participants were aged ≥ 50 years (76%) and married (92%). Hypertension and obesity were prevalent in 57% and 65%, respectively. Erectile dysfunction occurred in 22.3% and nephropathy in 15%. Age ≥ 50 years (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.42–3.50), poor glycaemic control (OR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.54–3.95), neuropathy (OR = 7.94, 95% CI 3.84–16.42), and tertiary education (OR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.30–3.15) independently predicted ED, while obesity (OR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.28–6.03) and poor glycaemic control (OR = 2.24, 95% CI 1.15–4.37) predicted nephropathy. This study revealed that ED and nephropathy are common and share modifiable determinants—obesity, poor glycaemic control, and non-adherence. Routine screening and lifestyle interventions are recommended.