Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index versus Central Venous Catheter for Early Detection of Hypovolemia in abdominal Trauma

Abstract

Background: Abdominal trauma has been considered as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, necessitating prompt and  accurate assessment of fluid status and hypovolemia. The inferior vena cava (IVC) collapsibility index and central venous catheter (CVC)  have emerged as potential tools for fluid assessment in trauma patients.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the IVC  collapsibility index (IVC-CI) in assessing fluid status and hypovolemia in patients with abdominal trauma.

Patients and Methods: A cross- sectional study that is conducted on 67 trauma patients attended to the Emergency Department (ED) with hypovolemia state to compare  IVC-CI with central venous pressure (CVP) as early indicator of hypovolemia in abdominal trauma patients. The diameter of the IVC, the  central venous pressure, and the IVC-CI were recorded before and after fluid resuscitation.

Results: IVC-CI has decreased from base line  to follow up after fluid from 54.55 ± 15.23 to 45.06 ± 13.81. IVC-CI has negative association with central venous pressure at base line  (P<0.001). IVC-CI has a negative association with urine output (UOP) at baseline (P<0.001). IVC-CI has negative association with central  venous pressure and urine output at follow-up (P<0.001).

Conclusion: IVC-CI had a strong statistically significant inverse association with  central venous pressure. IVC-CI was found to be more predictive of fluid responsiveness and early hypovolemic state when compared to  central venous pressure. So, the study supported the use of the IVC-CI and CVC as reliable markers for assessing fluid status and  hypovolemia in abdominal trauma patients.