The antibiogram and phytochemical analysis of African black soaps on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine and quality the bioactive compounds of two (2) traditional black soaps on Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans isolated from clinical samples. Twelve (12) isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and twelve isolates of Candida albicans were used for this study. Aqueous extraction where different concentrations; 50% (125mg/ml), 25 % (62.5 mg/ml), and 12.5% (31.5 mg/ml) w/v, of the soap samples were prepared (using sterile distilled water) followed by sterilization and standard microbiological procedure was used for sub culturing and confirmed using standard biochemical test and antimicrobial screening. The findings showed that all the Candida albicans isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and fluconazole, while all the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were susceptible to soap extracts O (100%). Both Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans showed high level of resistance 66.7% for C. albicans isolates and 33.3% for Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Results of the phytochemical screening of the prepared black soap showed it also possesses some secondary metabolites which include Alkaloids, Tannin etc. Analysis of variance revealed that no significant difference (P > 0.05) exists among the Ciprofloxacin (10ug) and herbal soap from Osun state. The output from this experiment also revealed that there is significant difference in the results obtained from susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans isolates to black soap from Osun and the susceptibility of the same isolates to black soap from Abakaliki (P < 0.05). Traditional black soap is a good soap that has been certified to have cleansing ability, gentle on the skin and a good antimicrobial agent.