Gender and Behaviour

Knowledge, attitudes and barriers to effective supervision: A quantitative study in Limpopo healthcare facilities

Rirhandzu Friddah Mathevula, Letta Mathebula — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Effective clinical supervision is essential for nursing competence and patient safety. In Limpopo Province, South Africa, clinical supervisors face significant challenges, yet limited evidence exists regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and perceived barriers. This quantitative descriptive crosssectional study assessed these factors among 387 clinical supervisors from seven public healthcare facilities in Mopani and Vhembe districts using structured questionnaires. Participants demonstrated high knowledge (mean = 18.1/22, SD = 2.3) with 82.6% in the high knowledge category, and 78.4% showed favorable attitudes toward supervision. Major barriers included staff shortages (mean = 1.20), heavy workloads (mean = 1.52), and high student numbers (mean = 1.64). A very weak positive correlation (r = 0.104) was observed, but this association is not practically meaningful given the large sample size (N=387). Descriptive statistics showed most respondents had positive attitudes while also reporting many barriers; therefore, no meaningful directional relationship was found. Clinical supervisors in Limpopo possess sound knowledge and positive attitudes but operate within environments constrained by substantial organizational barriers. Interventions should focus on structural support, including adequate staffing, workload management, and enhanced supervisor preparation, to optimize clinical supervision quality, student learning, and patient care outcomes.

Clinical nursing education experiences of undergraduate nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Hildeguard Jo- Anne Vink, Viviane Phadi Ngomane, Rirhandzu Friddah Mathevula — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Preparing competent nurses demands robust clinical education that immerses students in highquality patient care settings. Clinical experiences offer critical perspectives on the systemic strengths
and weaknesses that affect health service delivery. While guidance and supervision are essential for
undergraduate nursing students in clinical training, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted these
processes. This study examines undergraduate nursing students' clinical education experiences
during the COVID-19 pandemic at a university in Gauteng Province, South Africa. A qualitative,
exploratory, descriptive design was employed, with purposeful sampling of undergraduate nursing
students. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were audio-recorded with participant consent,
achieving data saturation at 15 participants. Ethical principles were upheld throughout. Three
themes emerged: (1) Effects of lockdown on clinical exposure; (2) Influence of COVID-19 on clinical
support; and (3) Proposed solutions for future pandemics. Findings reveal that COVID-19
profoundly altered nursing culture in clinical environments. To build resilience against future health
crises, nursing education must prioritize sustainability. Creating supportive clinical practice settings
for undergraduate students remains crucial.

Environmental communication and sustainable behaviour: Media use and climate change awareness in rural Ogun State, Nigeria

Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Extant publications reviewed acknowledge the negative impacts of climate change on
environmental degradation, which necessitate innovative approaches to achieving sustainable
outcomes. The trending nature of misinformation, the digital divide, and policy limitations are
negating environmental sustainability, resulting in health risks and dislocation, among others, in
Nigeria. This paper examines how media and online platforms (digital platforms, social media, and
online news) are expected to foster environmental awareness, mobilize public action, and shape
policies for environmental sustainability in Nigeria. The Strain and Agenda-Setting theories are
employed to guide the study. Qualitative method and In-depth interviews were conducted among
twenty-five (25) residents of Odeda Local Government Area in Ogun State, Nigeria. Purposive
sampling was used with an unstructured questionnaire. All ethical conditions and the face-to-face
method were employed. The content analysis method was adopted. The study finds that traditional
media remains the primary channel for providing information to rural residents, compared with
emerging media for advancing and solving environmental challenges among rural dwellers.
Environmental and media experts should establish new media facilities, such as film shows and
symposia, to channel information to rural dwellers rather than focusing on urban development,
which creates marginalization gaps in environmental sustainability in Nigeria.

Nature-related risks, insurance vulnerability and community health resilience in Eswatini: Structural barriers and pathways for a small African economy

C. Dlamini, B.Z. Chummun — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Across Africa, nature-related risks (NRRs), including floods, drought, hailstorms, wildfires, and
biodiversity loss, act as powerful structural determinants of community health and well-being.
However, the mechanisms through which these risks undermine health resilience, particularly via
financial protection gaps in Africa's insurance sector, remain poorly understood. This paper
addresses the gap by conducting one of the first empirical examinations of how NRRs affect
insurance operations and risk management in Eswatini, a small, climate-vulnerable economy with
low insurance penetration and high dependence on natural capital. Adopting a qualitative,
exploratory case study design, the study draws on 22 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with senior
managers, underwriters, and regulators from Lidwala Insurance Company and Eswatini Financial
Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA), conducted between March and September 2025. Data were
analysed using Braun and Clarke's (2023) six-step thematic analysis. The study identified three
transmission channels: increased claims volatility, heightened underwriting risk, and asset-side
investment exposure. Three structural constraints: inadequate environmental data infrastructure, a
shortage of locally trained actuarial expertise, and regulatory frameworks that do not incorporate
NRR considerations. Grounded in the TNFD-LEAP approach and integrated with systems,
institutional and sociological risk theories, the paper proposes a novel conceptual framework linking
NRR exposure, institutional capacity, and regulatory alignment as interdependent determinants of
the insurance sector and community health resilience. Findings highlight how knowledge
dependency, imported regulatory models and capacity deficits erode health sovereignty in an
ecologically dependent context. The paper offers actionable insights for African regulators, insurers,
and development partners seeking to strengthen ecological and health resilience in capacityconstrained African contexts.

Decentralising community colleges for responsive adult learning and skills: Eastern Cape as a diagnostic case for South Africa’s CET System Reform

Benjamin Seleke — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Community Education and Training (CET) colleges are mandated to widen second-chance education, foundational learning and locally relevant skills for out-of-school youth and adults. Using the Eastern Cape as a diagnostic case with national implications, this article synthesises policy, task-team and organisational evidence from 2019-2025 to examine the governance, infrastructure and funding constraints that continue to limit CET delivery. The analysis draws on the National Plan for the CET College System, the Ministerial Task Team report on the implementation plan for the CET Skills Summit, and the Eastern Cape CET College Organisational Capacity Baseline Assessment. The evidence shows a persistent centre-without-campus delivery model, weak delegation to delivery sites, limited institutional identity, fragile infrastructure, weak assessment and certification systems for skills programmes, and a compensation-dominant budget profile that crowds out learning inputs and capital development. The article argues for a broader but integrated reform package built around core pillars of district-based community colleges, empowered councils and delegated authority, a Minimum Viable Campus Package, professionalised skills-programme assessment, partnership ecosystems, improved data systems and a differentiated funding architecture with ring-fenced learning-input and infrastructure components.

Metaphors on the depiction of medicine diseases and food- related nouns in Tshivenḓa

Nthambeleni Charles Ṋetshisaulu — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this article is to investigate how metaphors are used in Tshivenḓa to depict medicine, diseases, and food-related nouns, and to explain the meanings thereof and cultural beliefs embedded in these metaphorical expressions. The study aims to demonstrate that language is not merely a means of communication, but also a reflection of the Vhavenḓa people's worldview, traditional knowledge, and conceptual understanding of health, illness, healing, and nutrition. This article employed a qualitative research methodology grounded in Cognitive Metaphor Theory (CMT), developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson. The theory explains how people understand abstract concepts through metaphorical mappings from familiar experiences. This research article used a descriptive and interpretive approach to analyse metaphorical expressions in Tshivenḓa. Data were collected from: - everyday spoken Tshivenḓa, - traditional sayings and idiomatic expressions, - oral narratives and cultural discourse, and - existing literature on Tshivenḓa language and Vhavenḓa culture in South Africa. Contribution of the Study: This article makes several important contributions to the fields of Linguistics, Cognitive Linguistics, and African Language Studies.

Artificial intelligence technology as an innovative strategy to curb maladministration in the South African Public Sector

Machanduke Lucas Shipalana — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Maladministration in the form of fraud and corruption is seen as a nightmare in most organisations, particularly in the public sector. This is because administrative activities and functions are mostly carried out traditionally by people who normally get tempted to maladministration in different forms. Literature has shown that maladministration in the public sector not only dents the image of the
public sector but also ruins limited resources that are intended to provide essential services to the citizens. Despite innovative efforts that the government has initiated, such as the use of blockchain for complete record-keeping, electronic procurement systems to eliminate bid-rigging, and data excavating to spot suspicious forms of maladministration in the use of public funds, there is still no clear framework in the public sector to prevent maladministration activities. This article is grounded on Digital Governance Theory and used literature as secondary data to analyse artificial intelligence technology as innovative strategy to curb maladministration in the context of South
African Public Sector. The conceptual framework was adopted to investigate and propose framework for artificial intelligence technology to curb maladministration in the form of fraud and corruption in South African public sector. The article discovered that there are lot of questionable administrative activities caried out in the public sector without any evidential records for accountability. The findings also revealed that most public sectors lack the ability and capabilities of implementing artificial intelligence technology. The outdated Information Technology systems infrastructure is found to be a stumbling block for effective utilisation of artificial intelligence in the
public sector. The article further proposed a framework for artificial intelligence technology to curb maladministration in the form of fraud and corruption in the public sector. It is hoped that the framework will guide the affected public entities on how public administration that is free from fraud and corruption can be attained through Artificial Intelligence technology.

Complex nature of sustainable careers among junior academic staff in HEIs: A contingency approach

Kazeem Oyedele Lamidi, Bisiriyu Abiodun Taleat, Costa Hofisi — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing intricacy of academic careers at higher education institutions poses considerable problems for junior academic staff as they manage the changing requirements of teaching, research, service and professional growth. Despite the growing acknowledgment of sustainability in academic careers, a considerable study vacuum exists about how younger academic staff in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) may adeptly navigate these intricate career paths. The paper used a contingency method to analyze the factors affecting sustainable careers of junior academic personnel at higher education institutions. It also investigates the interplay of organizational, environmental and individual variables in determining career outcomes. Using systematic review of literature, it shows critical factors influencing career sustainability, including institutional support, task management, mentoring, and personal flexibility. It argues that sustainable academic careers are not universally applicable but depend on certain contextual elements, such as institutional culture and resources. The paper contributes to existing literature by presenting a refined framework for comprehending the evolving characteristics of academic careers in HEIs. Remarkably, it provides actionable suggestions for both institutions and early-career academics to improve career sustainability. The paper recommends the need for customized career support techniques that correspond to the varied demands and problems encountered by junior academic staff, thereby assuring their sustained professional growth and retention in academia

Harmful family language and its impact on children’s emotional and social development: An afrocentric analysis of Vhavenḓa households in Limpopo, South Africa

S.D. Mudau, M. Maṱhabi, S.L. Tshikota, M.R. Raphalalani — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Language within the family plays a central role in shaping children’s emotional security,
behavioural patterns, identity formation, and social development. While physical violence has
received significant scholarly attention, the impact of harmful verbal communication in African
family contexts remains underexplored. This qualitative paper investigates how negative and abusive
language within Vhavenḓa marital households in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, South
Africa, influences children’s development. Guided by an Afrocentric theoretical framework as
articulated by Asante (1980), the paper centres on indigenous cultural values and communication
norms in analysing family interactions. Fifty participants, including parents, young adults,
community leaders, and social workers, were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling.
Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted in Tshivenḓa and supplemented
by open-ended questionnaires. Thematic analysis, informed by grounded theory principles, revealed
that persistent exposure to verbal hostility contributes to emotional withdrawal, anxiety, behavioural
aggression, diminished self-worth, academic disruption, and negative attitudes towards marriage
and family life. The findings further suggest that harmful language undermines culturally embedded
values of respect, dignity, and communal harmony associated with ubuntu. Conversely, households
characterised by respectful communication were associated with confident, emotionally secure
children. The paper highlights the urgent need for culturally grounded interventions that promote
constructive family communication. It argues that everyday spoken language within the home
functions as a powerful socialising force that can either weaken or strengthen children’s long-term
development

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) as facilitators of advanced mathematical visualisation and learning

Thabisa Maqoqa — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are increasingly positioned as transformative technologies for mathematics education because they can convert abstract symbolic relations into manipulable, spatial, embodied and interactive learning experiences. This article examines how VR and AR can facilitate advanced mathematical visualisation and learning, with particular attention to conceptual understanding, spatial reasoning, learner engagement, teacher mediation and equitable implementation in contemporary society. Using an integrative systematic-narrative review design, the paper synthesises recent peer-reviewed literature and policy evidence on immersive technologies, mathematics visualisation, technology-enhanced learning, inclusive education and African digital education priorities. The analysis is organised through an Immersive Mathematical Visualisation Learning Framework that integrates constructivist and sociocultural learning, cognitive theory of multimedia learning, embodied cognition, multiple-representation theory, universal design for learning and technological pedagogical content knowledge. The review shows that VR and AR can support mathematical learning by enabling learners to explore threedimensional geometry, vectors, functions, transformations, statistics, calculus and modelling as dynamic visual objects rather than static formulae. However, the benefits are not automatic. Immersive technologies improve learning when they are aligned with curriculum goals, carefully scaffolded, accessible, cognitively manageable, culturally contextualised and embedded in teacherguided inquiry. Major risks include novelty effects, cognitive overload, weak teacher preparation, high cost, infrastructure inequality, limited local content, privacy concerns and exclusion of learners with disabilities. The article contributes to contemporary education scholarship by reframing VR and AR as pedagogical, social and developmental tools whose value depends on responsible design, teacher agency and equity-oriented governance. It concludes with practical recommendations for schools, universities, teacher educators and policymakers seeking to use immersive technologies to strengthen mathematics learning in resource-constrained contexts.

Investigating the antiretroviral adherence perceptions of registered nurses caring for prisoners diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Correctional Services South Africa

N. Mapholisa, N.F. Mabunda — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Antiretroviral treatment adherence among prisoners diagnosed with HIV/AIDS disease has significant adverse effect that undermines the quality of life for individuals incarcerated in prisons. Therefore, registered nurses’ perceptions regarding prisoner’s adherence to ART is crucial to promote quality of lives. Ensuring sustained, optimal adherence to antiretroviral medication in correctional facilities remain healthcare priority. This paper investigates the registered nurses’ perceptions among prisoners diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Limpopo Province, Vhembe District. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research approach was utilized. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured telephone interviews conducted in English from 19 registered nurses. Purposive sampling method was used to select participants in Department of Correctional Services Management Area A and Management Area B facilities. Thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. Three main themes and subthemes emerged: (1) Registered nurses’ perceptions of challenges with provision of sufficient meals and mealtimes (2) perceptions of prisoners being released and re-incarcerated (3) perceptions of prisoners transitioning between correctional service and South African Police Service (SAPS) facilities. Participants revealed significant non-adherence among incarcerated prisoners living with HIV/AIDS challenges within the prison facilities. Understanding registered nurses’ adherence perceptions for prisoners living with HIV/AIDS in the correctional facilities is crucial to achieve sufficient patient outcomes and to save lives for incarcerated people. The findings highlight urgent interventions regarding antiretroviral treatment adherence to enhance and sustain quality of life in correctional facilities.

Exploring nursing students’ experiences of counselling and support services In Gauteng, South Africa: A qualitative study

Mabebe Lydia Maubane, Dikeledi Maphake, Nkhensani Florence Mabunda — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Nursing students experience significant academic, clinical, and personal stressors that may negatively affect their well-being and scholastic performance. Although counselling and support services are intended to reduce these challenges, there is limited evidence on how they are experienced within Nursing Education Institutions (NEIs) in South Africa.
Aim: This study explored and described nursing students’ experiences of the accessibility and standard of counselling and support services at a nursing campus in Gauteng Province.
Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive design was used. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 13 undergraduate nursing students who had utilized counselling and support services. Data were collected through semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s six-step thematic analysis approach. Trustworthiness was ensured through established qualitative criteria, and ethical principles were strictly adhered to.
Results: Three main themes emerged: quality of counselling services, nature of counselling, and access to services. Findings showed irregularities in service quality, poor communication, inadequate structured follow-up, and limited responsiveness to students’ needs. While counselling services offered emotional, academic, and career support, barriers such as inflexible booking systems, restricted awareness, and stigma constrained accessibility and utilisation.
Conclusion: Counselling and support services are essential for nursing education and student wellbeing; however, their effectiveness is limited by systemic, structural, and functional challenges. Strengthening service delivery through augmented accessibility, enhanced counsellor competencies, and the adoption of flexible, student-centred approaches is critical to promoting student wellness and academic success in NEIs.

Indigenous knowledge systems as a catalyst for women’s entrepreneurship in Africa: Feminist political economy perspective

Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Through feminist political economy theory, this paper intends to explain how Indigenous
Knowledge Systems (IKS) is practiced as a catalyst for women’s entrepreneurship in Africa.
Despite that the IKS has drawn more attention from African scholars, there is still limited attention
given to IKS and women’ entrepreneurship in Africa. At the same time, no study to date has been
found which clearly explain the IKS as a driver for women’s entrepreneurship in Africa especially
through the feminist political economy perspective. It is for that reason this paper intends to
contribute to this gap of knowledge and situate IKS as a driver for women’s enterprise within a
theoretically grounded framework. About research methodology, the paper relied on extensively
secondary sources as a means of collecting relevant and required data, it also employed strict
textual analysis to explain how the IKS has become the driver for women’s enterprise in Africa
through the feminist political economy theory. The paper shows that despite the contribution of the
IKS-based entrepreneurship, women are still being affected by the lack of access to resources and
opportunities. Moreover, there is a challenge of power relations and control over indigenous
knowledge as well as the institutional constraints. Hence, the paper firstly, recommends the
integration of IKS into women’s entrepreneurship initiatives, ensuring access to funding, training,
and markets that are culturally relevant and context specific. Lastly, the community-based support
structure is needed to improve women through inclusive governance and capacity building
initiatives.

Juxtaposing student academic performance with mental health in Institutions of Higher Learning: An exploratory study in the Botswana Accountancy College

Gaolatlhe Medupe, David Matsepe — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Mental health challenges among students in higher education frequently pose a significant threat to academic success; however, institutional responses in many African contexts often remain insufficiently examined. This ongoing study investigates the link between mental health symptoms and academic achievement among students at Botswana Accountancy College. The objective was to assess the impact of mental health indicators on the measurement of academic outcomes, including course completion and study hours. A quantitative research design was implemented using a stratified random sample of 200 students selected from a population of over 4,000 students. Data were collected through online questionnaires, allowing for the measurement of mental health indicators and academic performance variables. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS to examine the relationships across demographic groups. The findings of this study revealed three main patterns: (1) the presence and prevalence of stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety among
students; (2) a significant link between mental health difficulties and reduced academic performance, including lower grades and diminished study time; and (3) the lack of awareness and utilization of available institutional mental health services. The study contributes to scholarship by providing empirical data from a Botswana higher education context, underscoring the need for institutional mental health integration within academic performance strategies and informing policy development in similar under-resourced settings.

An African Wesleyan theological reflection on moral responsibility, grace, and justice

Siviwe ‘Sva’ Waqu, Phemelo Olifile Marumo — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This theological reflection engages the recent tribunal of Judge Selby Mbenenge as a lens through to examine moral responsibility, power, and accountability in both public and ecclesial contexts (Judicial Conduct Tribunal, 2026; News24, 2024). The case, situated within South Africa’s judicial system and the Methodist Church of Southern Africa’s (MCSA) Harassment Policy, exposes the complexities of adult relationships where authority intersects with vulnerability (MCSA, 2015; Cowan, 2019). Drawing on Wesleyan theology, the essay explores grace, justice, repentance, and the imago Dei as foundational categories for navigating misconduct and relational breakdown (Genesis 1:27; Wesley, 1763; Maddox, 1994). Grace is understood not merely as forgiveness but as God’s transformative presence, while justice is framed as restorative, seeking reconciliation and communal flourishing (Outler, 1980; Migliore, 2004). African philosophical paradigms, particularly Ubuntu and concepts such as ‘iwonga’ and ‘ilungelo’, enrich this framework by emphasizing relationality, communal accountability, and the cultural weight of language and identity (Ramose, 1999; Tutu, 1999; Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, 1986). Intersectionality, as articulated by Crenshaw (1989; 1991), further illuminates how gender, age, authority, and cultural expectations intersect to produce compounded vulnerabilities. African feminist theologians such as Oduyoye (2001) and Phiri (2004) underscore the need for accountability structures that resist patriarchal distortions and affirm the dignity of women. By integrating Wesleyan and African perspectives, this reflection calls the MCSA to embody practices of accountability that are rigorous yet compassionate, restorative yet just, and culturally
resonant (Naidoo, 2020; Mbiti, 1969; Dube, 2007). It argues that safeguarding and pastoral care must be contextual, attentive to African communal ethics, and rooted in Wesleyan commitments to grace and justice (Heitzenrater, 1995). Ultimately, the paper envisions the church as both prophetic and pastoral by speaking truth to power while accompanying the vulnerable with compassion, bearing faithful witness to the gospel in a fractured and hurting world (Bonhoeffer, 1959; Niebuhr, 1963).

Banditry and the relocation of rural communities in Northcentral Nigeria

Adeniyi Kehinde Olomitutu, Victor Ojakorotu — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Banditry remains one of the most pressing security challenges in many parts of North-Central Nigeria, extending well beyond the traditionally studied North-West and North-East conflict zones. In states like Niger, Kwara, Plateau, Benue, Nasarawa, and Kogi, a convergence of armed bandit activities, significantly affecting the stability and livelihoods of rural communities. Persistent attacks, killings, kidnapping, and destruction of property have forced many households to abandon their ancestral homes in search of safer environments. This paper examines the relationship between banditry and the relocation of rural communities in North-Central Nigeria, with particular attention to the patterns, drivers, and socio-economic effects of displacement. The paper seeks to identify how insecurity influences migration decisions and the strategies adopted by affected communities. Using secondary data obtained from academic journals, government reports, security briefings, and media sources on banditry and displacement in North-Central Nigeria. The data will be analysed through thematic content analysis. The paper is anchored on the Push-Pull Migration Theory and Human Security Theory. The paper reveals that banditry has significantly contributed to the forced relocation of rural populations across several communities in NorthCentral Nigeria. Many households have migrated to nearby towns and urban centers, while others have moved to internally displaced persons (IDP) camps. The paper further indicates that the destruction of farmlands, fear of repeated attacks, and loss of livelihood are the major drivers of relocation. In addition, displaced communities face numerous challenges in their new locations,
including unemployment, food insecurity, inadequate shelter, and limited access to social services. The paper therefore recommends stronger security interventions, community-based conflict management strategies, and sustainable resettlement policies to address the growing problem of forced relocation in banditry-affected rural areas.

Practices of nurses on handing over patients' reports in a Gauteng Tertiary Hospital: A quantitative study

Rirhandzu Friddah Mathevula, Hellen Maseretse Maubane — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Effective handover of patient reports is essential for continuity of care and patient safety. Inadequate handover contributes to medical errors, treatment delays and adverse patient outcomes. This study examined preparation practices for patient reports among nurses at a tertiary hospital in Gauteng Province. A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional design provided a snapshot of prevailing practices. From a population of 1,010 nurses involved in handover, a convenience sample of 340 participants was recruited. Data were collected using structured, self-administered questionnaires assessing adherence to standard operating procedures, checklist utilisation, communication quality and years of clinical experience. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were computed using SPSS version 29.0. Of the 340 respondents, 261 (76.8%) demonstrated suboptimal handover practices. Frequently identified deficiencies included deviation from established procedures, minimal use of checklists, incomplete documentation and poorly structured verbal communication. A weak, negative statistically significant correlation was observed between years of experience and handover scores (p = 0.049). Findings indicate that inadequate handover is widespread and largely attributable to organisational and system-level determinants rather than individual shortcomings. To improve patient safety and care continuity, institutions should implement standardised handover protocols, deliver competency-based training and promote a culture of structured communication.

Repurposing the South African criminal justice system to strengthen peace, justice and security

Kaizer R. Makole, Kabelo B. Moeti — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The South African criminal justice system has been infiltrated by criminal networks and cartels who have captured senior police leadership to enable and collude in acts of criminality, corruption and tender manipulation. The Judicial Commission of Inquiry into State Capture in 2022 revealed in its findings how numerous South African public institutions and leaders were “captured” by private individuals to engage in acts of corruption and malfeasance through the assistance of politicians and government leaders. The article examines how the South African criminal justice system can be repurposed to align with sustainable development goals sixteen indicators which are peaceful and inclusive societies, access to justice for all, inclusive institutions at all levels, peace, good governance, rule of law, and human rights. Repurposing of the South African criminal justice system is critical for maintenance of peace, justice and security in the country which is contrary to the current situation whereby its institutions are being infiltrated by drugs and criminal networks and cartels. A desktop documentary analysis of South African legislative framework and policies, institutions’ strategic and annual plans, scholarly articles and newspaper reports were employed in the qualitative design study to generate themes that analyze how the South African criminal justice system can be repurposed and strengthen good governance and sustainability mechanisms. The findings revealed a nexus between socio-economic deprivation and high crime activities and practices in marginalized communities in South Africa thereby undermining sustainable development efforts and endeavors within such communities.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) partnership with African philosophy

Onuk Bulus Ojem, Phemelo Olifile Marumo — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the 21st century has generated significant ethical, cultural, and governance concerns, particularly regarding its relevance in non-Western contexts. A major challenge is that most AI systems are developed within Western epistemological frameworks, often overlooking African philosophical perspectives and reinforcing digital dependency, cultural misalignment, and algorithmic bias in African societies. This study explores the potential for a meaningful partnership between AI and African philosophy, with a focus on ethical frameworks such as Ubuntu, communalism, and relational ontology. The study adopts a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach, drawing on literature from AI studies, African philosophy, ethics, and digital decolonisation. It critically examines how African philosophical principles can inform the development of ethical, inclusive, and context-sensitive AI systems while also identifying key integration challenges. The findings indicate that African philosophy offers valuable ethical and epistemological insights that can enhance fairness, inclusivity, and community-oriented outcomes in AI. In particular, Ubuntu provides a relational ethical framework that prioritises collective well-being and human dignity. However, significant challenges persist, including the difficulty of translating philosophical concepts into algorithmic systems, the limited availability of culturally relevant datasets, socio-cultural diversity, and structural inequalities in global AI governance. The study concludes that while the AI–African philosophy partnership holds transformative potential, its success depends on bridging both conceptual and practical gaps. It recommends increased interdisciplinary collaboration, investment in local data infrastructures, and greater inclusion of African perspectives in global AI governance to ensure the development of contextually relevant and ethically grounded AI systems.

An examination of methodological strategies in the study of Siswati folktales using a desktop design

Nontokozo Gladys Mdhluli, Masila Joshua Masipa — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research presents a desktop-based analysis of the methodological techniques used in the study of Siswati folktales. The aim is to look at how various research techniques have been used and evaluate how well they interpret the structures and meanings of folktales. The objectives are to identify popular approaches, assess their advantages and disadvantages, and decide whether or not they are appropriate for Siswati folklore study. The study is based on the writings of Vladimir Propp and Claude Lévi-Strauss and is guided by a structuralist theoretical framework. A systematic review and document analysis of the body of current literature are part of the qualitative desktop approach. The findings show that structural and thematic approaches predominate, with little incorporation of indigenous viewpoints. The discussion draws attention to methodological flaws and the necessity of frameworks with a cultural foundation. By highlighting the significance of context-sensitive techniques, the study advances knowledge. It recommends incorporating indigenous knowledge systems. The study comes to the conclusion that using a variety of approaches improves how Siswati folktales are interpreted

What drives rural women entrepreneurs? Investigating the motivational forces behind entrepreneurial activity in Kwazulu-Natal

Lindokuhle Senamile Ntuli, Innocent Simphiwe Nojiyeza — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rural women entrepreneurs face compounded disadvantages of gender inequality, geographic
isolation, and structural unemployment, yet remain understudied in the entrepreneurship literature.
This article investigates the push and pull motivational forces driving entrepreneurial activity
among 273 rural women entrepreneurs in three KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) municipalities
uMhlabuyalingana (n=113), Big5Hlabisa (n=34), and eJozini (n=126) using Likert-scale
questionnaires analysed through descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and chisquare tests of independence. Both opportunity-driven (pull) and necessity-driven (push) factors
significantly shaped entrepreneurial participation, and EFA identified four coherent motivational
constructs: Opportunity and Growth, Autonomy and Independence, Necessity and Survival, and
Family and Community Motivation. Respondents also reported strong entrepreneurial
characteristics, including resilience, creativity, risk-taking, persistence, and passion. Findings are
interpreted through McClelland’s Achievement Motivation Theory, Vroom’s Expectancy Theory,
and Socialist Feminist Theory, with particular attention to how patriarchal structures and gendered
caregiving expectations shape the meaning rural women attach to entrepreneurial activity.
Implications for gender-responsive policy, training, and institutional support are discussed.

Projecting under-5 mortality in Nigeria using the Arima and Arimax time series models

Oluwafemi Ifanayajo, Ayo S. Adebowale, Martin E. Palamuleni — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The Nigeria Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR) is among the highest globally. In the past few decades, U5MR has consistently declined in Nigeria; however, its pace of reduction is unlikely to meet the global SDGs target by the deadline. Projecting U5MR in Nigeria is essential for health planning and designing a policy framework to further reduce the trend. We projected and examined the potential influence of macroeconomic health financing indicators on U5MR in Nigeria. This retrospective time-series study used World Bank Data from 2000 to 2023. Data were analyzed using ARIMA and ARIMAX time-series models. The data showed a negative association between Out-of-pocket health expenditure (OEX) (coefficient= -1.03, p=0.011) and U5MR. Using the ARIMA model, the U5MR declined from 101.77 per 1,000 live births in 2025 to 60.48 per 1,000 live births in 2039, while the ARIMAX model revealed a decline in U5MR from 99.0 per 1,000 live births in 2025 to 74.1 per 1,000 live births in 2038. In conclusion, the projections of U5MR in Nigeria using ARIMA and ARIMAX are similar, but the ARIMAX model modestly improved predictive accuracy. Prioritizing the expansion of publicly funded health insurance and subsidies to reduce overreliance on out-of-pocket expenditure, especially for vulnerable households, will enable U5MR reduction in Nigeria.

Violence, displacement, and the development paradox in Africa: Institutional failures and policy implications

Olaleke Michael Alao, Lusanda Juta — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study interrogates the persistent development paradox in Africa, characterized by the coexistence of abundant natural resources and persistent underdevelopment amid widespread violence and forced displacement. The article argues that chronic insecurity on the continent is not merely an incidental consequence of weak economic growth but a structural outcome of institutional failures, governance deficits, and declining state legitimacy. Based on comparative case studies and interdisciplinary literature, the study aims to explain how armed warfare, forced migration and informalized economies reinforce each other to the detriment of state capacity and
the breaking of social contracts. The article further advocates a re-evaluation of mainstream development models that prioritize technocratic solutions while neglecting the political dynamics of violence and insecurity. It reveals that displacement (internal and cross-border) is not merely a humanitarian crisis but also a development constraint that not only distorts labour markets but also disrupts the education system and entrenches spatial inequalities. Simultaneously, it also emphasizes the ways in which local resilience practices and informal governance arrangements tend to arise to address institutional gaps, although with mixed effects on the stabilization of the
situation in the long term. The study underscores the necessity of rebuilding inclusive, accountable, and context-sensitive institutions as the foundation for sustainable development. It demands policy to be changed towards proactive governance by being more reactive to crisis management to preventive governance; regional collaboration, development planning that is sensitive to conflicts and the reinforcement of civic trust. The study contributes meaningfully to ongoing debates about development trajectory in Africa and provides practical insights for policymakers, scholars, and continental institutions seeking transformative change in contexts shaped by interconnected violence, displacement, and institutional fragility.

Pre-service teachers' motivation and self-perceived competence to teach physical education in South African schools

Mxolisi Mbatyazwa, Chanelle Kemp, Dorita Du Toit, Niekie van der Merwe — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Physical Education (PE) has undergone several transformations in the South African basic education context, and its benefit to learners remains formidable, promoting, besides others, an active lifestyle for learners. Research has investigated teacher motivation and its influence on teacher engagement and behaviour, there however is a gap and great need in the South African research literature on the
motivation of pre-service teachers, more so on the motivational characteristics of pre-service teachers specialising in Physical Education. As such, this study investigates pre-service teachers’ motivation and self-perceived competence to teach Physical Education in South African schools. This qualitative study was conducted from an interpretivist perspective within the Self-determination Theory (SDT), where SDT undertakes to satisfy the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness for determining motivation. Participants were final-year students specialising in PE at the North-West University, and data was gathered through an online openended questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews. Findings through the deductive thematic analysis used, revealed five main themes namely: Lecturer support and mentorship, Effects of Physical Education background and previous personal experiences, Anticipated challenges and benefits in schools, Factors influencing motivation and competence, and The Influence of the Physical Education teacher training program on student competence. Participants' feedback was aligned with SDT principles of meeting the needs of relatedness, autonomy, and competence. This study fills a literature gap by exploring, investigating, and examining teacher motivation and self-perceived readinessto teach PE in South African schools. Findings can be used to improve and adapt Physical Education teacher training programs to benefit learners and teachers alike.

Knowledge deficits influencing the early detection of mental health disorders by registered nurses in Primary Health Care settings in Tshwane District

Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Registered nurses are the first healthcare professionals encountered by most patients accessing primary health care (PHC) services and therefore play a critical role in recognising early signs of mental health disorders. Early identification is essential for timely intervention, improved treatment outcomes, and reducing the burden associated with mental illness. However, the ability of registered nurses to detect mental health disorders early may be limited by knowledge deficits, particularly in resource-constrained PHC settings such as the Tshwane District. This study explored and quantified how knowledge deficits influence the early detection of mental health disorders by registered nurses in PHC settings in the Tshwane District. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was adopted, whereby quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously, analysed separately, and integrated during interpretation. Data were collected from registered nurses working in selected PHC facilities using structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. The findings showed that knowledge deficits remain an important barrier to the early detection of mental health disorders. Quantitative findings revealed low levels of confidence among registered nurses in identifying mental health conditions and limited use of standardised mental health screening tools during routine consultations. Qualitative findings further demonstrated that insufficient and outdated knowledge, limited practical assessment skills, challenges with communication and interviewing techniques, language barriers, and attitudes towards mental health affected nurses’ ability to recognise mental health concerns early. These challenges may contribute to delayed identification and missed opportunities for timely referral and intervention at the Primary Health Care PHC level.
The study concludes that strengthening the mental health knowledge and competencies of registered nurses is essential to improve early detection practices in PHC settings. Investment in targeted training programmes, ongoing professional development, and supportive health system structures may strengthen nurses’ capacity to provide timely and responsive mental healthcare.

Investigating the experiences of nurse educators in implementation of the New Nursing Education Diploma Programme

Daphney Matidza, Lorato Manyeneng, Nkhensani Florance Mabunda — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: The implementation of the Nursing Education Diploma Programme represents a major reform in nursing education, emphasizing competency-based training aligned with national health priorities and evolving healthcare demands. However, limited empirical evidence exists on nurse educators’ experiences during implementation.

Aim of the study: This study aimed to investigate the lived experiences of nurse educators in implementing the new Nursing Education Diploma Programme in a selected institution in Gauteng province.

Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was used to investigates the nurse educators’ experiences during implementation of the new diploma in nursing programme. Purposive sampling recruited 10 nurse educators from a selected accredited nursing education institution. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2022) six - step thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and salient themes related to implementation of the programme.

Key findings: Three themes emerged: (1) Engagement with curriculum reform, (2) Educator preparedness and competence, and (3) Institutional environment and resource capacity. Educators demonstrated commitment through adaptive response, employing innovative teaching strategies and collaboration to support student learning and curriculum alignment, despite challenges such as limited resources and increased workload.

Conclusion: Successful implementation depends on sustained institutional support, adequate resources, and continuous professional development to sustain nurse educators’ capacity. The findings provide insights for strengthening competency-based nursing education.

Exploring the experiences of mental health care users regarding recidivism in the Department Of Correctional Services in Rustenburg, North- West Province

Lily Keneilwe Motswasele-Sikwane, S.K.M. Mabasa, Annida Moeketsi — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Since South Africa transitioned to democracy in 1994, crime and recidivism rates
among Mental Health Care Users (MHCUs) have reportedly increased. Gaining insight into the
experiences of MHCUs who reoffend after release is critical for developing effective interventions
and support systems. Guided by Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations Theory, this study
explored the lived experiences of MHCUs regarding recidivism, identified factors contributing to its
rise, and proposed strategies to address the problem.
Methods: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design was employed.
Using purposive sampling, 30 participants were selected from the Rustenburg Management Area in
the North- West Province. Data were gathered through semi-structured focus group interviews and
analysed using thematic analysis.
Findings: Three primary themes emerged: Post-release experiences: MHCUs faced poverty,
unemployment, social stigma, and struggled to meet basic needs; Contributing factors to recidivism:
These included a lack of employable skills, substance abuse, and a desire for recognition and social
belonging, and proposed interventions: Participants suggested skills development programmes,
educational opportunities, job creation initiatives, and structured community reintegration support.
Conclusions: The findings revealed the complex socio-economic and psychosocial challenges that
MHCUs encounter after release, contributing to repeated offending. Combating recidivism among MHCUs needs comprehensive interventions focusing on skills development, employment
opportunities, substance abuse management, and structured community reintegration. Strengthening
these support systems could reduce recidivism and enhance successful rehabilitation and social
reintegration

Health, trade and economic governance of cannabis in South Africa: Balancing public health, commercialisation and inclusive development

Shadung J. Moja, Hlako J. Choma, Ismael Mohamed — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: South Africa's cannabis policy has evolved significantly since the Constitutional
Court's 2018 decision in Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development v Prince, which
decriminalised private adult cannabis use. Cannabis governance now spans criminal justice,
medicinal regulation, public health, industrial policy, and economic development. The emergence of
medicinal cannabis regulation under SAHPRA and the National Cannabis Master Plan reflects
efforts to balance constitutional rights, public health protection, and economic commercialisation.
However, existing scholarship remains fragmented, addressing cannabis reform through isolated
legal, public health, or economic lenses without integrating these regulatory dimensions.
Aims: This article examines South Africa's evolving cannabis governance framework by analysing
the relationship between public health regulation, economic commercialisation, constitutional
rights, and inclusive development. It evaluates tensions between commercial expansion and
equitable participation in the emerging legal cannabis sector.
Methods: The study employs qualitative doctrinal and policy analysis based on constitutional
provisions, legislation, policy documents, case law, and comparative literature from Canada,
Uruguay, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe. These jurisdictions were selected for their regulatory diversity
and relevance to South Africa's reform trajectory.
Findings: South Africa's cannabis framework remains fragmented, with overlapping regulatory
mandates, limited institutional coordination, and significant barriers affecting patients, traditional
cultivators, and small-scale producers. Capital-intensive licensing systems favour large commercial
actors.
Conclusions: South Africa requires a coordinated, inclusive cannabis governance model grounded
in constitutional rights, public health protection, social justice, and developmental objectives. This study contributes a consolidated doctrinal-policy analysis linking constitutional, health, and
economic dimensions of cannabis regulation. Evidence-based regulation and meaningful
stakeholder participation are essential for sustainable and equitable cannabis reform.

Ubuntu principles and moral justice in South African governance practices

Onuk Bulus Ojem, Phemelo Olifile Marumo, Yahaya Abubakar Sadiq — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Despite South Africa’s progressive constitutional framework, governance still faces challenges such as corruption, social inequality, weak accountability, and declining public trust, highlighting a gap between formal legal structures and the moral-ethical foundations of just governance. The indigenous philosophy of Ubuntu, which emphasises human dignity, communal responsibility, and moral justice, remains underutilised in contemporary governance. This study examines the relevance of Ubuntu principles in promoting moral justice within South African governance, aiming to assess their role in enhancing ethical leadership, social cohesion, accountability, and inclusive
decision-making. Using a qualitative, normative approach, the study analyses constitutional provisions, policy frameworks, scholarly literature, and philosophical texts on Ubuntu and moral justice, interpreting connections between indigenous ethical values and modern governance ideals. Findings indicate that Ubuntu aligns with constitutional values like human dignity, equality, and freedom, fostering restorative justice, participatory leadership, and relational accountability. However, practical implementation is limited by institutional rigidity, political interests, and insufficient recognition of indigenous knowledge in policy-making. Ubuntu principles offer a viable moral framework for justice, legitimacy, and responsive governance. Their meaningful integration can bridge the gap between law and morality, promoting ethically grounded and socially inclusive governance. The study recommends institutionalising Ubuntu ethics in public administration training, policy design, and leadership development, incorporating restorative justice and community participation models, and conducting further empirical research on the application of indigenous moral philosophies in governance systems.

Exploring the dynamics of terrorism in South Africa

Myalezo Mato, Ntsikelelo Benjamin Breakfast — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This article aims to explore the dynamics of terrorism in South Africa. More specifically, we examine critically the possible security threats in the form of terrorism posing a danger to South Africa’s democracy. Although the country has not seen any full-blown terrorist related incidents, it has seen the proliferation of service delivery protests emanating from discontent regarding poor socioeconomic conditions experienced by the public. At times, these protests have often demonstrated a form of gendering which has happened at the expense of female activists. This is a qualitative study, owing to its descriptive and exploration strong points. The central thesis contends that grounds for possible terrorism in South Africa do exist. These grounds include, inter alia, the erosion of public trust in law enforcement and racial and ethnic divisions among South Africans. Cases of the use of illegal firearms, which, in various instances, were alleged to have been promulgated by illegal foreign nationals within South African borders, have raised concerns about the country’s security outlook. This has been viewed as a direct consequence of poor border management, resulting in porous borders. Challenges such as excessive red tape, a lack of proper cooperation among stakeholders, and possible corruption within border management compounded
this problem. The paper adopts the Clash of Civilizations and Strain Theories to foreground its postulations. We recommend for the establishment of a department or ministry of border management and strengthening of law enforcement to combat crime that can result in terrorism.

Converging indigenous knowledge systems and the fourth industrial revolution: Towards a hybrid pedagogy for transformative teaching in African Higher Education

Benjamin Seleke, Benjamin Seleke — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

As a conceptual paper, this article argues that African higher education should not choose between decolonial curriculum transformation and Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) preparedness. It advances a hybrid pedagogy in which Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) are treated as living epistemic resources for digitally mediated, socially responsive and ethically governed teaching. Drawing on a purposive critical synthesis of South African, African and UNESCO policy texts, together with recent scholarship on decoloniality, digital pedagogy, open educational resources, artificial intelligence ethics and Indigenous data governance, the article develops a normative framework for curriculum innovation. The framework is organised around seven interdependent design principles: epistemic plurality, multilingual mediation, community co-authorship, ethical digital governance, inclusive low-bandwidth design, capability-oriented digital fluency and open knowledge infrastructures. It argues that the educational value of AI, analytics, immersive media and micro-credentials depends on whether these tools are governed in relation to African languages, local problems, community knowledge practices and epistemic justice.

Exploring the risk factors associated with suicidal behaviours among students enrolled in a selected university in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Suicide is a major cause of death worldwide, especially among young people aged 15 to 29 years.
The study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with suicidal behaviours among students
enrolled in a selected university in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. A quantitative descriptive
design was used to administer the 25- item Suicide Screening Questionnaire-Self Rating (SSQSR) to172 student respondents in the studied university. Stata 14.1 (Stata CorpStata Corp LP,
College Station, Texas, USA) was used to analyse field data. All the six items that were
statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) through bivariate and multivariate models of logistic
regression to exacerbate suicidal behaviours among students are reported. The study’s takeaway conclusion is depression or lethargy in everything being statistically significant in both model
tests conducted. As such, the study recommends the development of targeted public health
responses towards depression or lethargy for mental health-challenged students.

Back to the roots: Indigenous knowledge systems as a means to circumvent poverty in Ngugi’s petals of blood

Thabo Prince Zondo — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

African people had high expectations from their post-independence leaders after colonial rulers had left their countries. However, they have been greatly disappointed and feel betrayed as many African leaders appear to have taken the reins only to enrich themselves and their families and further exploit the poor instead of serving them. My point of departure for this study of a rural community depicted in Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s novel, Petals of Blood (1977). The focus is on members of the impoverished and socio-economically disadvantaged community who are distressed by incessant drought and the government’s blasé attitude and incompetence towards their plight. This engenders a crisis as the community is placed on the brink of abject poverty, which incites the village elders to consult a seer and offer sacrifices to seek solutions. I use this as a point of departure to explore how the text gestures at the potential of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) to address the real dilemmas faced by Africans following the extensive and cross-generational crises that accompany
coloniality. I provide a postcolonial critique of how African governance contributes to the violence and displacement of its peoples. And, I also provide ecocritical reading of the text, drawing on relevant postcolonial / decolonial ideas to illustrate the ways in which indigenous African epistemologies can indeed boost efforts at environmental conservation and poverty alleviation in rural communities today.

Gender, violence, and displacement in Africa: Intersectional vulnerabilities and survival strategies in contexts of extended crisis

Shabane Prim-Rose Makosazane — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Violence and displacement remain persistent challenges across Africa, which hosts nearly half of the world’s internally displaced persons. Although conflict, revolt and political instability are widely recognised as key drivers of displacement, the gendered dimensions of these crises remain inadequately theorised. Women and girls often experience violence not only as a trigger for displacement but as an enduring condition shaping their mobility, livelihoods and security within displacement settings. This paper examines how gender mediates experiences of violence before, during, and after displacement. It further explores how displaced women navigate structural
vulnerabilities while constructing survival strategies in contexts of prolonged crisis. The paper adopts a qualitative interpretive design based on a desk-based analysis of secondary literature, policy frameworks and selected African case examples. Drawing on scholarly studies, humanitarian reports and documented experiences from displacement-affected communities, the paper synthesises evidence from internally displaced persons’ camps, informal settlements and host communities in conflict-prone regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis is informed by intersectionality theory and the concept of structural violence to examine how gender intersects with age, class, and displacement status to produce layered vulnerabilities. The analysis suggests that gender-based violence often precedes and intensifies during displacement, reinforcing structural inequalities that shape women’s experiences in crisis contexts. Furthermore, it highlights how displaced women navigate these constraints through informal economic networks, collective organising, and community-based support systems. The paper advances an intersectional framework for analysing gendered displacement and argues for gender-responsive policies addressing structural inequalities, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals 5- (Gender Equality), 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

The societal consequences of substance abuse and gender-based violence: A critical approach

Lekau Eleazar Mphasha, Malehu Patrence Mashatola — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This research article examines how substance abuse and gender-based violence (GBV) jointly harms contemporary society. Methods which are conducted are a scoping review of peer-reviewed studies, reports, and recent statistics, summarising quantitative results and thematically analysing qualitative evidence. Some of the findings are heavy alcohol use and common illicit drugs which frequently cooccur with intimate partner and sexual violence. Mechanisms include intoxication-related aggression, substance-driven household stress and financial strain, and reduced help seeking by affected persons. Some of the consequences include increased pressure on health and justice systems, economic losses, mental-health burdens, and intergenerational trauma. Gaps identified include fragmented services, limited integrated care for co-occurring problems, and stigma. The solutions recommended integrated, multi-sectoral responses-coordinated substance-use treatment with survivor-centred GBV services, routine cross-screening, cross-sector training, and expansion of lowbarrier integrated programmes, supported by policy reforms to improve coordination and funding. Addressing substance abuse and GBV together should reduce harms and improve social outcomes.

Meta-deliberation of gender issue: Economic representation of poverty and wealth through the media

Jugathambal Ramdhani — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

In Africa, with the technological revolution, teachers rely more and more on the support from radio, print media and now television and social media to supplement content. This paper is a portrayal of the meta-deliberation process with the purpose to interrogate openness as it relates to constructions of gender and its’ relation to business in a particular television and film (drama series). The methodology adopted for this paper was qualitative (empirical analysis of episodes using) and draws on critical theory to unmask the portrayal within a drama series. The modes of critical discourse analysis with an emphasis on power and powerlessness and how local voices shape language. Using power and agency, drawing on Huckin (1999) and McGregor (2003) was used to analyze 570 episodes in a series in Season One on how language is manipulated to reproduce or contest practices in business and society. It is noted that language may be adopted to influence and craft people’s identities, their sense of belonging to either cultural groups, communities or in business. The analysis revealed a need for create a platform for metadeliberation on issues such as social expectations, agency, emotional language, power and public and private identity that can address the transformation of unbalanced power relations that exist between men and women, be it in text or in media as entertainment that may be relied on as pedagogical resources in education and also informs other forms of consciousness in society and how The significance of this paper is to create a platform for critiquing and creating spaces for
open discussion on the content in these supporting materials used as pedagogical tools to teach.

The institutional barriers in facilitating effective preceptorship of undergraduate nursing students at a hospital cluster in Gauteng, South Africa

Senamela William Seabelo, Hildeguard Jo- Anne Vink — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Preceptorship is a significant clinical strategy and support framework currently
employed in undergraduate nursing education programs both globally and locally to facilitate
clinical learning and teaching. Despite the implementation of preceptorship in Gauteng, South
Africa, there is a paucity of literature regarding the institutional barriers in facilitating effective
preceptorship of undergraduate nursing students at a hospital cluster in Gauteng, South Africa.
Objective: To explore and describe the institutional barriers in facilitating effective preceptorship
for the undergraduate nursing students at a hospital cluster in Gauteng, South Africa.
Methods: An explorative descriptive qualitative design was applied. Purposive sampling was
employed to select preceptors working at a hospital cluster in Gauteng, South Africa. Data was
collected through individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews, and saturation was reached at
14 participants. The participation in the study was voluntary, and confidentiality was maintained.
Results: Three themes emerged from the data analysis; namely, barriers encountered by preceptors
during clinical learning and teaching with the main categories emerging as: the lack of clear job
descriptions for preceptors, support and poor insights on preceptors’ role from management,
preceptors’ work overload, reluctance of some registered nurses in their teaching role, and the
preceptors' self-efficacy in overcoming barriers to their duties with the main categories as:
utilization of own resources, reinforcing positive practice environments and collaboration with
relevant stakeholders, as well as recommended possible measures to mitigate the barriers
experienced by preceptors with the main categories as revision of preceptors’ job description and
reinforcing roles of relevant stakeholders in a hospital cluster.
Conclusion: The barriers faced by preceptors during clinical learning and teaching of
undergraduate nursing students revealed that participants struggled with executing their duties.
However, despite the obstacles faced by the participants, they managed to succeed in their
responsibilities by utilising their own resources to strengthen and enforce positive practice
environments and working together with relevant stakeholders.

Enactment of Bomme theorization: Re-imagining the role played by African women musicians in their resistance to apartheid

M.C. Kgari-Masondo — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Misrepresentations of precolonial African philosophy concerning women’s roles by colonial and certain postcolonial scholars continue to reinforce distorted narratives that sustain gendered discrimination. Although dominant accounts depict precolonial societies as inherently patriarchal, growing scholarship highlights traditions of gender complementarity and relative egalitarianism. This paper examines precolonial gender relations, ethics, and cultural practices as reflected in the actions of African women musicians during apartheid. Using a qualitative case study design and documentary analysis, it explores the foundations of their resilience and how they were able to ema (to stand firm, in Sesotho) even at significant personal risk. The findings indicate that their resistance was grounded in a precolonial cultural ethos encapsulated in the concept of BoMme, understood as women who uphold principles, confront adversity, and commit fully to struggles for justice. These musicians embodied courage, endurance, and sacrifice, enacting resistance that was both culturally rooted and politically transformative. The paper calls for renewed engagement with precolonial practices to illuminate contemporary challenges and proposes BoMme as a critical framework for interpreting African women’s resilience in contexts of hardship and discrimination, repositioning them as central agents of resistance and knowledge production, while advancing decolonial feminist scholarship and enriching historiographies of anti-apartheid cultural struggle and memory practices today globally and analytically.

Bridging Knowledge Systems: The Imperative of Contextual Scholarship in African Social Sciences

Kayode Eesuola — Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 +0000

No Abstract