Phytoremediation Potentials Of Glycine Max (L) (Soybean) Seedlings On Diesel And Spent Engine Oil Contaminated Soil

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the phytoremediation potential of Glycine max (L.) seedlings in soils contaminated with diesel and spent engine oil. The experiment was conducted at the back of the Faculty of Science Complex, Benue State University Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria. Glycine max seedlings were grown in soils contaminated with mixed varying concentrations (100 ml, 200 ml, 300 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml) of diesel and spent engine oil. The experiment spanned 18 days, with germination count, number of leaves, plant height, and stem width measured at intervals of 4, 8, 12 and 18 days. Additionally, the concentrations of heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in both contaminated and uncontaminated soils were analyzed before experimentation. The germination count, number of leaves, height, and stem width of Glycine max were adversely affected by increasing concentrations of contaminants. Higher concentrations (400 ml and 500 ml) significantly (P<0.05) reduced plant growth parameters compared to lower concentrations (100 ml and 200 ml). Specifically, germination was notably lower at higher contamination levels (300ml and above), showing stunted growth, reduced number of leaves and short stems with a mean germination count of 0.00 at 400 ml and 500 ml on day 4. Plant height and stem width also showed a similar trend, with the control group exhibiting the highest growth. These results indicate that Glycine max (L) seedlings are negatively impacted by high levels of diesel and spent engine oil contamination, affecting their growth and development. Despite these challenges, the soybean plants exhibited some tolerance at lower contamination levels, suggesting potential for phytoremediation if contaminant concentrations are managed. Glycine max shows potential for phytoremediation of soils contaminated with diesel and spent engine oil, particularly at lower concentrations. Future research should focus on optimizing conditions for phytoremediation and understanding the mechanisms of contaminant uptake and degradation by Glycine max.