Nutritional composition and bioavailability prediction calcium, iron, zinc and magnesium in <i>Justicia galeopsis</i> leaves in Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

Wild edible plants are known to make important contributions to the livelihoods of local communities of sub-Saharan Africa countries including Côte d’Ivoire. Some have an important nutritional intake. The aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical and nutritive properties of Justicia galeopsis leaves to ascertain its nutritional suitability as well as health benefits. J. galeopsis leaves were purchased at market in Abengougou Division. Physicochemical composition, micronutrients and antinutritional factors were determined. All results, based on dry matter, had indicated that J. galeopsis leaves were very rich in fiber (33.85%), protein (21.11%), vitamin B12 (4173.09 mg/kg) and vitamin C (892.17 mg/kg of fresh leaf) but low in fat (4.06%). The mineral elements contents were high (17.76%) with remarkable amount of potassium (103.08 g/kg), phosphorus (77.66 g/kg), calcium (59.87 g/kg), sodium (28.30 g/kg), iron (373.01 mg/kg), zinc (177.84 mg/kg) and manganese (128.57 mg/kg). The presence of phytate (33.83 mg/100g), oxalate (740.67 mg/100g) and tannin (66.33 mg/100g) were revealed. The molar ratios of [Phytate]/[Ca] (0.00), [Phytate]/[Zn] (0.15), [Phytate]/[Fe] (0.11) and [Oxalate]/[(Ca+Mg)] (0.07) indicate the high bioavailability for these minerals. This work revealed that J. galeopsis leaves are very nutritive. They could help cover people's nutritional needs and contribute to food security.

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Keywords: Wild edible plants, Justicia galeopsis leaves, Abengourou Division, nutritional composition, anti-nutritional factors, mineral bioavailability