Growth performance and survival of F1 progenies of local x exotic chicken crosses under extensive system in Burkina Faso

Abstract

In Burkina Faso, rising poultry demand has prompted farmers to crossbreed local chickens with exotic breeds to enhance productivity. Yet, the effectiveness of this strategy in low-input extensive systems remains unclear. This study assessed growth and survival of chicks from four crossbred and one local breed groups. The crossbreds were produced by mating Brahma, North Holland Blue, Harco, and Isa Brown cocks with local hens. Chicks were reared under controlled conditions until five weeks, then raised in an extensive system until 20
weeks. Body weights and mortality were recorded weekly. At five weeks old, the North Holland Blue group weighed significantly more than the Brahma, Isa Brown and local groups (p < 0.05). At 20 weeks, mean weights reached 788 g (Brahma crossbreed), 845 g (North Holland Blue crossbreed), 786 g (Harco crossbreed), 796 g (Isa Brown crossbreed), and 720 g (local breed), showing no significant differences among genotypes. Significant differences were seen in average daily gains between the fifth and eighth weeks of age. Mortality rates for genotype were 25%, 17.5%, 27.5%, 15%, and 32.5%, respectively, also without significant differences. Overall, crossbreeding did not provide significant production advantages under extensive conditions but may increase the risk of genetic erosion in local chicken populations.