An approach for optimal PMU placement using binary particle swarm optimization with conventional measurements

Abstract

This paper presents an approach to determine the optimal PMU locations in order to render the complete observability to given
power system using BPSO. Quadratic programming approach is used in BPSO, and results so obtained are compared with
GAMS-MIP solver. A Method for Pseudo observability is also proposed for depth-one and depth-two with and without Zero
injection measurements for IEEE-7, IEEE-14, and IEEE-30 and IEEE-57 bus systems by BPSO technique.