Performance and Comparative Analysis of Wired and Wireless Communication Systems using Local Area Network Based on IEEE And IEEE 802.11

: The aim of this research is to carryout Performance Analysis and Comparison of Wired and Wireless Communication Systems using Local Area Network (LAN) based on IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.11 standard, carried out with emphasis on Throughput, Delay, Bit error rate and Signal to Noise Ratio by collecting data at the Delta State University e – library network.. From the experimental results of the ten shots sample data for both wired and wireless networks, the wired network in its three transmission protocols (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) has overall throughput average of 6085Kbps, while the wireless has overall throughput average of 52752Kbps. From the computed total average values, the wired network exhibited delays of 4ms, 45ms and 6ms in its (TCP, IPV4 & 6ms) respectively with overall average of 52 milliseconds (52ms). While on the other hand the wireless had delays of 36ms, 4ms & 52 ms in its (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 57 milliseconds (57ms). In terms of Bit Error Rate, the wired network have bit error rate of 1.364E-03%, 7.773E-05% and 7.28E-06% in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 4.83003E-04%. While the wireless network have the values of 8.-7E-05%, 0% and 7.61E-04% in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 2.805667E-04%. With respect to Signal to Noise Ratio, the wired network have signal to noise ratio overall average of 8.266 dB. While the wireless network have the overall average of 5.178 dB. Based on the, networks performance metrics statistical data analyzed above for both wired and wireless, we are of the opinion that the wireless network is preferable to the wired network under the area investigated.

Communication in its simplest form is the transmission of information from one point to another via a medium either wired or wireless and is a bidirectional process (Anokh and Chhabra, 2007).Wired networks establish connection between various devices through connecting media such as cables and routers.Whether wired or wireless communication systems, all have network topology, which is the schematic form of switching elements, transmission links, routers and other peripherals.Network topologies are categorized into two distinct classes namely: physical network layout and logical network layout (Rajput, 2009).Wireless local area networks are commonly implemented using the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard.Wider area coverage is made possible by utilizing General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) the existing mobile phone infrastructure for the transmission.The integration between packet use and voice communication further evolved with the deployment of Third Generation and Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (3G/UMTS), (Keren, 2011).This system is specially designed to carry packet data, video and voice communication with much higher capability, than previous wide area coverage networks.With the adoption of network technologies for the purpose of, education, business, banking and defense etc, these interconnected set of computer systems permits interactive resource sharing between connected pair of systems (Sharma, 2007).Rapid advances have taken place in the field of wired and wireless networks.The traditional wired transmission medium provides high speed connectivity but poses constraints like immobility and extensive cabling.Wireless communication is a flexible data communication system implemented as an extension to or as an alternative to wired communication (Randhawa and Hardy, 2002).The wireless technologies employ infrared, spread spectrum and microwave radio transmission techniques with varying data rates.Though wireless technology provides convenience and advantages like ease of mobility, scalability and flexibility, it has certain drawbacks like speed, range, reliability, security, bit error rate (BER) and hidden terminal problems (Tamar, 2000) The performance parameters evaluated were throughput, data dropped, traffic received and collision counts.The authors analyzed the wired and the wireless networks using OPNET simulator but, no physical measurement were made.In Rahul et al (2011), the author centered his performance analysis of wired and wireless computer networks on congestion control mechanism.The congestion control mechanism, is an important issue in designing any good network.The congestion control involves two factors that measures the performance of networks, i.e. delay and Throughput and the author analyzed the two performance metrics using OPNET simulator .This work was purely simulation.Traffic patterns have significant impact on network performance.Analytical models for the performance evaluation of wired interconnection networks and integrated wireless network have been widely reported.However, most of these models are developed under simplified assumption of non-bursty poison process with uniform distributed message destinations.In light of the above, the author developed analytical model and propose it to evaluate end to end delay and throughput of wired and wireless local area networks under traffic patterns exhibited by real word applications.(Yulei, 2010;Dhobale et al, 2014), investigated the performance of wired and wireless networks.The performance of both networks were evaluated on the basis of a common parameter, throughput, to know how both networks behaves.The evaluation analysis were done using OPNET simulation environment.In (Rahul et al, 2010), the authors carried out performance analysis of IEEE802.11bwireless and IEEE802.3 wired LANs standards using soft computing techniques for their performance comparison by varying the attributes of network objects such as traffic loads, file size, RTS/CTS, customizing the physical characteristics to vary BER, slot time to determine their impact on throughput and delay..In (Salam et al, 2007), the authors evaluated the performance of IEEE 802.116 wireless LAN applied in E-learning classroom.They used OPNET IT 9.1 simulator in their simulations to study E-learning classroom area network scenario.They build a model of browsing behavior of E-learning and web client and investigated the performance of Elearning classroom area network based on these performance metrics, delay, throughput and web object size.And their results showed that IEEE 802.11bWLAN have a minimum delay, high throughput and can support up to 50 clients.In (Abdul etal, 2006), the authors carried out performance comparison of TCP and UDP over wired and wireless LAN.They used DSDV routing protocols to evaluate their performance.They compared TCP and UDP in terms of throughput using network simulator-2.Their results showed that the wired network has better performance than the wireless network in terms of throughput.The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of wired and wireless communication systems by carrying out measurement of throughput, delay and bit error rate in both networks.

MATERIALS AND METHOD
The measurement methodology was employed in the research and the Delta State University e-library wired and wireless networks infrastructure were used to carried out the measurements.
The Wired and the wireless networks has (10) computers (HP Compaq 4000 pro-small form factor, HP LE 1901w) each.The wired network consists of three CISCO switches SF-100-24, 24-port 10/100 switch, two serves, Mikrotip server, a window server, one CISCO 1800 Series Router, while the wireless network consists of three cam baseline switches 2024 model 3C16471, a server (Evolution Idirect), one wireless router (CISCO 1800 series).Three measurements software were used namely: Wireshark, Matlab and Microsoft Excel.The three software were installed in Advent laptop computer (window vista), that is compatible with windows operating systems.Wireshark 1.6.7 version was used to conduct the measurements, Matlab version R2016a was used for the modeling.Microsoft Excel was used for the performance metrics computations.
Data Collections and Computations: Measurements were taken in the morning, afternoon and evening on a continuous basis as could be accommodated.However since the data are not time series data, the time of taking the measurements is of negligible importance.Thereafter, the ten workstations designated for the data collection started surfing or browsing the internet for two hours every day for a period of six months.Ten sample data were captured for both network in their TCP, IPV4 and IPV6 transmission protocols being investigated

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The results of network modeling of Throughput (T), Delay (D) and Bit Error Rate (BER) are presented in table 1, 2 and 3. From the tables the results validated the primary data computed for Throughputs, Delay and Bit Error Rate for (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) for the ten shots of both wired and wireless networks.The average values of throughputs in (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) for both wired and wireless networks are presented in Table 4, 5. From table 4 and 5 above, the wired network in its three transmission protocols, (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) has Throughputs values of 15*10 3 Kbps, 21*10 2 Kbps and 85* 10 1 Kbps respectively, with overall average of 60*10 2 Kbps, while the wireless has Throughputs values of 15*10 4 Kbps, 39*10 2 Kbps and 54*10 1 Kbps in its, (TCP, IPV4 & IPV6) respectively, with an overall average of 52*10 3 Kbps.From the table 7 above the wired network have bit error rate of 13 * 10 -4 %, 77 *10 -6 % and 72 *10 -7 % in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 48 *10 -5 %.While the wireless network have the values of 8 *10 -6 %, 0% and 76 *10 -5 % in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 28 *10 5 %.These errors were due to intermittent connectivity and packet drops due to channel interference.

Comparison of Signal to Noise Ratio for Wired and Wireless Networks:
The average signal to noise ratio computed for wire and wireless networks are presented in table 8.From table 8 above the wired network have signal to noise ratio of 65 * 10 -3 dB, 85 * 10 -3 dB and 97 * 10 -3 dB in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 82 *10 -2 dB.While the wireless network have the values of 85 *10 -3 dB, 0 dB and 70 * 10 -2 dB in its (TCP, IPV4 and IPV6) respectively, with overall average of 51 * 10 - 2 dB.The variation in the signal strength was due to signal fluctuation and load variability in the network

Conclusion:
From the performance analysis and comparison of wired and wireless communication systems networks some of the findings, will help establishments, institutions and organizations in making choice of network deployment.Also it will help network engineers in making choice of throughput predicting model in predicting throughputs of the infrastructure and it will enhance network service providers in implementing state of the art equipment that will boost their performances.

Table 1 :
Average Values of Throughput for the Ten Shots (Wired and Wireless Network)

Table 2 :
Average Values of Delay for the Ten Shots in (Wired and Wireless Network)

Table 3 :
Average Values of Bit Error Rate for the Ten Shots in (Wired and Wireless Network)

Table 4 :
Average Value of Throughput for Wired and Wireless Networks in their Three Transmission Protocols

Table 5 :
Average Throughput Efficiency

Table 6 :
Average Delay of Wired and Wireless Networks in their Three Transmission Protocols

Table 7 :
Average Bit Error Rate for Wired and Wireless Networks in their Three Transmission Protocols