Effect of Aqueous Extract of Dialium Guineense Stem Bark on Total Protein and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors of Diabetic Male Albino Rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) remains a major cause of death worldwide. Mortality caused by the disease continues to grow on a global scale. Consequently, the objective of this paper was to assess the effect of aqueous extract of Dialium guineense (AEDG) stem bark on total protein (TP) and cardiovascular disease risk factors of diabetic Male albino rats using appropriate standard methods. The results showed that traditional lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)], as well as cardiovascular disease risk factors [Castelli risk index-I (CRI-I), Castelli risk index-II (CRI-II), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), atherogenic coefficient (AC), and atherogenic combined index (ACI)] were significantly and time-dependently reduced in the treatment groups, relative to diabetic group (p < 0.05). However, total protein, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and cardiovascular risk ratio (CRR) followed a reverse trend. These results indicate that aqueous extract of the medicinal plant stem bark can markedly ameliorate dyslipidemia caused by Streptozotocin (STZ) in rats.