Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia: A report of two cases with varied clinical course managed at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya

Abstract

Autoimmune Haemolytic Anaemia (AIHA) is a rare yet serious condition characterized by immune-mediated red cell destruction. It presents with anaemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly, requiring a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis. We present two cases managed at the Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), highlighting varied disease courses and treatment responses. Management includes corticosteroids as first-line therapy, with immunosuppressants or biologics like rituximab for refractory cases. Limited access to diagnostic tests and treatment options remains a challenge in Kenya. Addressing these barriers through improved clinician awareness and healthcare infrastructure is crucial for optimizing AIHA outcomes in resource-limited settings.