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Genetic characterization of Nigerian indigenous pig using polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis


AC Adeola
OG Omitogun

Abstract

The genetic structure of Nigerian indigenous pigs (NIP) and crossbred pigs were investigated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 79 NIP blood samples were collected from three different locations within South-western Nigeria namely, Igbara Odo, Ekiti State (33 samples), Ogbooro, Oyo State (30 samples), and Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Oyo State (16 samples). In addition, 41 crossbred pig blood samples were collected from the Teaching and Research Farm (T&R Farm), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. The blood serum samples obtained from the pigs were subjected to Sodium dodecyl sulphate (12%) SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. A total of 19 protein loci were scored for the NIP and 16 for crossbred samples. The SDS-PAGE electrophoretic profiles were analysed using PAST package (2005) to determine genetic similarity coefficients and construct phylogenetic dendrograms using Nei’s standard genetic distance. Ogbooro NIP samples showed a very high level of genetic similarity (91%) while IAR&T was 87% whereas Igbara Odo was 56%. The T&R Farm crossbred pigs showed 81%. The total local pig samples from the three locations gave a high genetic similarity coefficient of 84% confirming their genetic relatedness. The high genetic similarity observed in the indigenous pig samples in Ogbooro indicated a level of inbreeding of pig stocks in this locality which can be conserved as a genetic resource for breeding programmes for pure NIP in the future.

Key words: Animal genetic resources, conservation, Nigeria indigenous pig, electrophoresis


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eISSN: 1597-0906