The Gen Z Enigma: Social Media, Mental Well-Being and Academic Performance of University Students in Kenya. An SEM Based Analysis

Abstract

Gen Z (Born between the years 1997-2012 according to Shorey et al., 2021) is the first generation to grow up entirely in the digital age and navigate the digital jungle from the cradle. Gen Zs, with gadgets practically in their hands as toddlers, has evolved into tech wizards. From coding their own apps to effortlessly mastering new platforms, they're the pioneers of the digital age. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social media (SM) usage on academic performance (AP) and mental well-being (MWB) of generation Z (Gen Z) university students in Kenya. The study used purposive sampling technique, data was collected from 400 respondents using a well-structured, close-ended, self-administered questionnaire. The analysis was carried out via partial least squares-structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that there are positive and significant direct effects of social media (SM) on academic performance (β = 0.212, t = 3.858, p < 0.000) and mental well-being (β = 0.468, t = 7.995, p < 0.000). Simultaneously, mental well-being also had a positive and significant influence on academic performance (β = 0.468, t = 7.995, p < 0.000) among Gen Z university students. The study findings demonstrates that social media plays crucial role in academic performance and student well-being. Therefore, the study highlights the need to promote responsible use of social media among Gen Z university students since it enhances their academic performance and bolster their mental well-being. The study recommends implementing effective policy measures, augmented investment on social media technology platforms to foster an intellectually equipped students’ body and contribute to the development of knowledgeable and successful Gen Z students.