Comparative assessment of antibacterial activities of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> and <i>Cyperus articulatus</i> against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Abstract

Antibacterial activities of Syzygium aromaticum and Cyperus articulatus was tested against staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The plant extract Syzygium aromaticum and Cyperus articulatus were extracted using soxhlet extraction technique and bacterial isolates were collected from Microbiology laboratory of Federal University Dutse. The inocula were standardized using 0.5 Mac-farland standard of turbidity. Mueller Hilton agar was used for sensitivity test and nutrient agar for culture and broth. Both antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated using different concentration 100mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Syzygium aromaticum against gram positive bacteria (S. aureus) was 12.5 mg/ml (7mm) while that of E. coli (gram negative) was 25mg/ml (9.5mm) whereas the MIC of Cyperus articulatus was found to be 12.5 mg/ml (8mm) for E. coli and 6.25mg/lm (8mm) for S. aureus. For the mixture of S. aromaticum and C. articulatus, MIC determined was the same (12.5mg/ml) for both S. aureus and E. coli. MBC of Syzygium aromaticum determined against the bacterial isolates for S. aureus 50mg/ml and that of E. coli was 100mg/ml whereas for Cyperus articulatus, both S. aureus and E. coli was the same (50mg/ml) and for the mixture, MBC for S. aureus 25mg/ml and that of E. coli was 100mg/ml. Hence, both Syzygium aromaticum and Cyperus articulatus possess antibacterial activity against tested isolates responsible for many diseases.

Keywords: Syzygium aromaticum; Cyperus articulates; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli.