Soil-pollutant interactions under climate change: A comprehensive review تفاعلات التربة والملوثات في ظل تغير المناخ: مراجعة شاملة

Abstract

Heavy metal (loid) and organic pollution of soil is a serious environmental issue. The fate of such pollutants, their speciation, and the properties of the soils themselves control the manner in which they will migrate and cause ecological hazards. some factors that affect the toxicity and mobility of these pollutants are temperature, moisture levels, organic content, mineral composition, and microbiological activity. These parameters are quite sensitive to the effects of climate change, including an increase in the frequency of extreme precipitation events, extended periods of droughts, elevated erosion of soils, and higher sea levels. In this review, we synthesize evidence linking climate-driven changes in soil processes to changes in the mobility, transport, and sequestration of pollutants. Our findings suggest that alterations in soil organic carbon turnover, surface runoff regimes, redox status, and microbial populations under changing climate conditions can amplify human exposure to such contaminants. There are, however, uncertainties related to the exact interactions and long-term implications of these processes.

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