Factors Affecting Adoption of Improved Fish Smoking Kilns in the Lake Chilwa Basin, Malawi

Abstract

This study investigates the socio-economic factors influencing the adoption of improved fish smoking kilns among fish processors in the Lake Chilwa Basin, Malawi. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative household surveys and qualitative focus group discussions to capture both statistical and contextual insights. Binary logistic regression analysis identified key determinants of adoption, including ownership of open-sun dryers, involvement in fish processing, interaction with extension officers, use of traditional kilns, and the type of fish species processed. The findings reveal that improved fish smoking kilns significantly enhance processing efficiency, reduce firewood consumption, improve fish quality, and increase household income. Nonetheless, limited access to financial resources and socio-economic vulnerabilities continue to constrain widespread adoption. The study highlights the importance of gender inclusion, environmental sustainability, and institutional support, particularly through extension services in driving technology adoption. It recommends retraining extension officers, strengthening multi-stakeholder collaboration, improving access to credit, and gradually replacing traditional kilns as a way to enhance adoption of improved fish smoking kilns. Overall, the study demonstrates that promoting improved fish smoking kiln adoption can simultaneously advance sustainable fisheries management, mitigate deforestation, and improve rural livelihoods in Malawi’s Lake Chilwa Basin.