Trends in the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Olusoji OO, Ogunleye EO, Idowu DB, Iwuchukwu JP, Akerele OF — Tue, 02 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Pleural effusion, characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity, poses a diagnostic challenge owing to its diverse etiologies. This retrospective cohort study delves into the demographic distribution, prevalent etiologies, and procedural interventions concerning pleural effusion cases within a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria, spanning the years 2018 to 2023. A total of 145 cases were identified through convenience sampling of complete medical records. The study employed structured data collection tools to facilitate comprehensive data extraction. Analysis of the data was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 26), ensu-ring strict adherence to ethical guidelines throughout the process. Results: Demographic and temporal distributions indicated concentrations in specific age groups and peak presentation years. Malignant Pleural Effusion, Tuberculosis, and Undiagnosed cases emerged as major etiological factors, contributing significantly to the observed patterns. Procedural interventions exhibited a predominant use of Closed Tube Thoracostomy, reflec-ting the common approach in managing pleural effusion. Gender-specific analysis revealed associ-ations between female gender and Malignant Pleural Effusion. Conclusion: This study unde-rscores the intricate nature of pleural effusion, highlighting the high prevalence of Malignant Pleural Effusion, Tuberculosis, and the diagnostic challenges inherent in Undiagnosed cases. Gender-specific variations and diverse procedural interventions underscore the complexity of managing pleural effusion in this specific population. The findings provide valuable insights for understanding and managing pleural effusion within the local context.

Risk factors and outcome of induction of labor amongst paturient in bowen university teaching hospital: A five year review

Tue, 02 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Induction of labour (IOL) is one of the most important interventions in obstetric practices and is frequently used to avoid serious complications to the pregnant mother or the fetus. Objective The objective of the study is to determine labour induction outcomes and associated factors. This was a retrospective, descriptive, cross‑sectional study of 170 women who had induction of labour at the Bowen University teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria between 1st January 2018 and 31st December 2022. Primary outcome were mode of delivery following labour induction; vaginal or caesarean delivery. Analyses were done using Chi‑square tests, t‑tests and logistic regression. The study result showed a prevalence of induction of labour of 10% with success rate of 60.6%. Combination of intracervical extra-amniotic Foley's catheter and misoprostol was the commonest labour induction method used. Commonest indication for IOL was post dated pregnancy. High parity (> para 5) was associated with increased success rate ( P= 0.011, AOR= 0.522 95% CI = 0.153-0.325). Duration of latent phase greater than 12 hours, labour induction duration greater than 10 hours and those that are resident in rural areas had an increase risk of failed induction. The perinatal mortality from labour induction was low (2.9%) and no maternal mortality was recorded following induction of labour in this study. Success rate needs to be improved upon. Higher parity was associated with successful outcomes. We recommend further multicentre, prospective studies of a larger sample size to have a better understanding of factors that could affect the outcome of induction of labour.

Nigerian Hospital Practice

Trends in the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Risk factors and outcome of induction of labor amongst paturient in bowen university teaching hospital: A five year review