Assessment of lifestyle modification measures and their effect on glycemic control in adult type 2 diabetes patients in Dalhatu Araf specialist hospital Lafia

Abstract

Background: life style modification measures are essential in glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. This study compared the effect of lifestyle modification measures on adult type 2 diabetes patients who were on hypoglycemic and lifestyle measures and those on hypoglycemic alone.
Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of lifestyle modification measures on glycemic control in adult type 2 diabetes patients in Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital (DASH) Lafia in order to recommend management guidelines for these patients. The aim could be achieve through these objectives: 1. To assess the perception and practice of lifestyle modification measures among type 2 diabetics in DASH. 2. To determine the level of blood glucose reduction that can be obtained by hypoglycemic with usual care.3. To determine the level of blood glucose reduction that can be obtained by hypoglycemic and lifestyle modification measures.
Methods: Eighty four adults with type 2 diabetes aged 18years and above participated in the randomized controlled study; 44 in the control group and 40 in the intervention group. A structured questionnaire sought information about socio demographic data, history of diabetes, knowledge of lifestyle modification measures, current practice of lifestyle modification was interviewer administered to each participant. The laboratory determined the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) on all the participants after fasting for at least eight hours. Both intervention and control groups were maintained on their hypoglycemics. Every participant in the intervention group was counseled and advice on diet and exercise using a structured format. The control group was advised on diet and exercise. Both groups were followed up for 12 weeks and data was collected on their perception and practice of lifestyle measures and fasting plasma
glucose levels. The data of all participants were analysed on intention-to-treat basis.
Results: at the end of the study, it showed that lifestyle modification measures (diet and exercise) had significant effect on FPG.
Conclusion: The study testifies that lifestyle modification measures are effective in management of type 2 diabetes.