Effect of Ethanolic Extract of <i>Salvadora Persica</i> L. and it’s Chloroform Fraction in Experimentally Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to explore the antihyperlipidemic effect of ethanolic extract of stems of Salvadora persica L. and its chloroform fraction in olive oil induced hyperlipidemic rats. The antihyperlipidemic activity of Salvadora persica was compared with a standard drug Atrovastatin (50mg/kg bwt). The study involved phytochemical screening and chromatographic studies of extract and fraction. The ethanolic extract and its fraction were administered orally at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bwt body weight in rats. Olive oil (5ml/kg bwt oral dose) was administered 30 min after treatment. Blood was collected by ocular puncture 2 and 4 h after olive oil treatment and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 min. Serum samples were further subjected to biochemical analysis. The study dose dependently inhibited the total cholesterol (TC) triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) level, and significantly increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) level. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, coumarins, alkaloids, glycosides and sterols. UV ëmax was found to be 241 nm with a melting point of 168-170^°C for the isolated component. The antihyperlipidemic effect was evaluated in olive oil loaded rats. Acute treatment caused stimulatory effect on HDL level and inhibition in TC and TG elevation induced by olive oil.