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Jun 22, 2026Keywords:
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Main Article Content
Performance improvement of SAC-OCDMA system based on FDW Code using edfa for passive optical distribution network (PON)
Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) on high data rate performance within the Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) networks. The utilization of EDFA in this research aims to mitigate signal attenuation of the system. The proposed system employs Flexible Double Weight (FDW) codes as signature codes, which accommodate four simultaneous users to address noises posed by both phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) and multiple access interference (MAI). The SAC-OCDMA system's receiver component adopts the structure of Spectral Direct Detection (SDD) technique, known for its zero cross-correlation property, eliminating overlap wavelengths between multiple users and effectively suppressing MAI and PIIN effects. One key advantage of incorporating EDFA is its dual functionality in simultaneous noise suppression and enhancement of signal quality. The synergy between the SDD technique and EDFA is identified as the optimal approach for enhancing the overall performance of SAC-OCDMA access networks. Performance evaluation is based on bit error rate (BER), Q-factor, and received power. Simulation experiments conducted using OptiSystem version 15 demonstrate that employing FDW codes with EDFA yields superior BER results compared to using FDW codes without EDFA. The comparative analysis between SAC-OCDMA systems employing FDW codes with and without EDFA underscores the efficacy of EDFA in enhancing system performance. Furthermore, the capability of the FDW code-based SAC-OCDMA system, coupled with EDFA, to support simultaneous transmissions at varying data rates is successfully demonstrated through simulations, achieving a BER lower than 10−9 with four users transmitting at 10 Gbps each. Results indicate that the system with EDFA can successfully transmit signals up to 160 km before experiencing significant distortion, whereas the configuration without EDFA is limited to 80 km. This represents a 100% performance improvement achieved by the SAC-OCDMA system with FDW code through the use of EDFA.
