Prospective assessment of the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in patients attending a tertiary health facility in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract

Introduction: The impact of Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in worsening outcomes is profound,  especially in the presence of comorbid conditions. This study aimed to describe the proportion of patients at a high risk of OSA in our practice setting.

Methods: The STOP BANG questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness scale were used to assess for OSA  risk and excessive daytime sleepiness respectively. Hospitalized patients and out-patients were  recruited. Intergroup differences in continuous variables were compared using the analysis of variance. The proportion of patients with high risk of OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness was presented as frequencies and group differences compared with the Pearson χ2 test. Independent risk predictors for OSA were assessed in  multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: A total of 1100 patients (53.4% females) participated in the study. Three hundred and ninety nine  (36.3%) had a high risk of OSA, and 268 (24.4%) had excessive daytime sleepiness. Of the participants with high OSA risk, 138 (34.6%) had excessive daytime sleepiness compared to 130 (18.5%) of those with low OSA risk (p).

Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients attending our tertiary care center are at high risk of OSA.

Key words: Obstructive sleep apnea, excessive day time sleepiness, tertiary hospital, Nigeria