Seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated factors among livestock slaughtered in Oko-Oba abattoir, Lagos State, southwestern Nigeria

Abstract

Introduction: Brucella infection, a neglected tropical zoonosis, poses public health threat to abattoir workers in developing countries including Nigeria. Oko-Oba abattoir is one of the largest abattoirs in the country that collects livestock from different parts of the country. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with seropositivity of brucellosis among livestock slaughtered at Oko-Oba abattoir.

Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2018. A total of 473 serum samples were collected from livestock at the abattoir and tested for antibodies to Brucella species using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (iELISA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square test (p < 0.05).

Results: overall seroprevalence values were 15.3% (RBPT) and 16.3% (iELISA) among the livestock slaughtered at the Oko-Oba abattoir. Seroprevalence of 17.2% (RBPT) and 15.8% (iELISA) in cattle; 15.1% (RBPT) and 14.5% (iELISA) in goat; and 8.3% (RBPT) and 23.3% (iELISA) in sheep were obtained. Higher seroprevalence were recorded among females in cattle (18.8% iELISA) and sheep (23.1% iELISA) while male goats had average value higher (14.7% iELISA) than the female (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: presence of Brucella infection among slaughtered livestock was confirmed at Oko-Oba abattoir, Lagos State, Nigeria and poses a threat to abattoir workers and public health. Control of the disease in livestock and use of personal protective gear is recommended.