Research Journal of Health Sciences https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs <p>The <em>Research Journal of Health Sciences</em> is dedicated to promoting high quality research work in the field of health and related biological sciences. It aligns with the mission of the Osun State University, which is “to create a unique institution, committed to the pursuit of academic innovation, skills-based training and a tradition of excellence in teaching, research and community service”. The Journal acts as a medium of improving the quality of health care and medical education particularly in the context of developing countries with limited resources.</p> <p>The <em>Research Journal of Health Sciences</em> aim to make a substantial contribution towards providing high quality publications in health sciences and related biological sciences. It publishes manuscripts from basic and clinical sciences that have not been submitted for publication/or under consideration for publication elsewhere. The Journal ensures a rigorous review process.</p> <p>Research Journal of Health Sciences journal is a peer reviewed, Open Access journal. The Journal subscribed to terms and conditions of Open Access publication. Articles are distributed under the terms of Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). (<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0</a>). All articles are made freely accessible for everyone to read, download, copy and distribute as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.</p> en-US <h3>By submitting manuscripts to RJHS authors of original articles are assigning copyright to the College of Health Sciences, Osun State University. Authors may use their own work after publication without written permission, provided they acknowledge the original source. 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The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License. Section 8 – Interpretation. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public License. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and conditions. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or authority.</p> editor.rjhs@uniosun.edu.ng (Professor Alebiosu C.O. BSc, MBChB, FWACP) deskeditor2.rjhs@uniosun.edu.ng (Dr Atere M.A, MPhil) Fri, 23 Feb 2024 07:58:13 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.11 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Emerging genetic profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and controls in south western Nigeria: Catalyst for sustainable development https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265482 <p><strong>Background</strong>: In sub-Saharan Africa, Type 2 diabetes care is greatly hampered by huge financial burden causing poor accessibility to&nbsp; healthcare. This study determined the genetic and environmental factors with potentials of attaining Goals 3 and 17 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Nigeria.</p> <p><strong>Methodology</strong>: This study was a case-control study. A multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 1500 patients with&nbsp; T2DM and 1500 controls in South Western Nigeria. Biophysical measurements and Glycaemic biomarkers were assessed for all&nbsp; respondents. Odds Ratio (OR) was determined with a level of significance was set at P&lt;0.05</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The prevalence of Type 2 DM was 5%. However rural communities had older subjects with T2DM as compared with urban&nbsp; communities P&lt;0.01. Glycaemic biomarkers and biophysical profiles were age and sex-related p&lt;0.05 in both rural and urban&nbsp; communities. Transcription Factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) was found to be genetic marker of T2DM.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Transcription Factor 7 like 2&nbsp; gene is a genetic marker of T2DM in Nigeria, which forms a framework for achieving goals 3 and 17 of the SDGs</p> C.A. Akinleye, P.B. Olaitan, C.O. Alebiosu, E.O. Asekun-Olarinmoye Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265482 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Nurses' knowledge of predictors of surgical wound breakdown among surgical patients in selected hospitals in Ondo state, Nigeria https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265483 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Surgical wound infection has been a major problem that delays the recovery of a patient and increases the length of stay in&nbsp; hospital. This exploratory study assessed the knowledge of nurses on surgical wound breakdown, identified the factors contributing to&nbsp; surgical wound breakdown and perception of nurses on what promote wound healing in the surgical wards of UNIMEDTH and&nbsp; postnatal ward of Mother and Child Hospital, Akure.</p> <p><strong>Method</strong>: The study adopted the descriptive, non-experimental research design. The study populations were nurses in the selected wards.&nbsp; Total numbers of all nurses (70) in the selected wards were used for this research work and a self-structured questionnaire was&nbsp; the instrument used to elicit information from respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistical method with the aid of Statistical&nbsp; Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23, frequency tables and bar chart were used to analyze data.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Findings from the analysis revealed that 78.6% of nurses have good knowledge of surgical wound breakdown. 87.1% of the&nbsp; respondents perceived that availability of materials for wound dressing is one of the factors that promote healing. Findings further&nbsp; revealed that poor patients' nutritional habit or malnutrition among others played a vital role in surgical wound breakdown.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>:&nbsp; Nurses have good knowledge of predictors of surgical wound breakdown and in addition they have positive perception of what promote&nbsp; surgical wound healing. It is believed that will have positive impact on the nursing intervention towards patients in these categories to&nbsp; promote wound granulation with first intention and without complications. It is therefore recommended that the surgical wound care nurses should monitor the course of wound healing, encourage adequate nutrition, avoid wound complications, and treat properly if&nbsp; difficulties emerge as part of trauma and post-operative rehabilitation</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><em>French title: Connaissances des infirmières sur les prédicteurs de répartition des plaies chirurgicales chez les patients chirurgicaux dans des hôpitaux sélectionnés de l'état d'Ondo, au Nigéria</em></strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Contexte de l'étude</strong>: L'infection des plaies chirurgicales constitue un problème majeur qui retarde le rétablissement d'un patient et&nbsp; augmente la durée du séjour à l'hôpital. Cette étude exploratoire a évalué les connaissances des infirmières sur la rupture des plaies&nbsp; chirurgicales, identifié les facteurs contribuant à la rupture des plaies chirurgicales et la perception des infirmières sur ce qui favorise la&nbsp; cicatrisation des plaies dans les services chirurgicaux de l'UNIMEDTH et le service postnatal de l'hôpital mère et enfant d'Akure.</p> <p><strong>Méthode de l'étude</strong>: L'étude a adopté un plan de recherche descriptif et non expérimental. Les populations étudiées étaient des&nbsp; infirmières dans les services sélectionnés. Le nombre total d'infirmières (70) dans les services sélectionnés a été utilisé pour ce travail de&nbsp; recherche et un questionnaire auto-structuré a été l'instrument utilisé pour obtenir des informations auprès des répondants. Une&nbsp; méthode statistique descriptive et inférentielle à l'aide de Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23, des tableaux de&nbsp; fréquence et un graphique à barres ont été utilisés pour analyser les données.</p> <p><strong>Résultat de l'étude</strong>: Les résultats de l'analyse ont révélé&nbsp; que 78,6 % des infirmières ont une bonne connaissance de la rupture des plaies chirurgicales. 87,1% des personnes interrogées ont perçu&nbsp; que la disponibilité du matériel pour panser les plaies est l'un des facteurs favorisant la cicatrisation. Les résultats ont en outre&nbsp; révélé que les mauvaises habitudes nutritionnelles des patients ou la malnutrition, entre autres, jouaient un rôle essentiel dans la&nbsp; dégradation des plaies chirurgicales.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Les infirmières ont une bonne connaissance des facteurs prédictifs de rupture d'une&nbsp; plaie chirurgicale et ont en outre une perception positive de ce qui favorise la cicatrisation des plaies chirurgicales. On pense que cela&nbsp; aura un impact positif sur l'intervention infirmière auprès des patients de ces catégories pour favoriser la granulation des plaies en première intention et sans complications. Il est donc recommandé que les infirmières spécialisées en soins des plaies chirurgicales&nbsp; surveillent l'évolution de la cicatrisation, encouragent une alimentation adéquate, évitent les complications de la plaie et traitent&nbsp; correctement si des difficultés surviennent dans le cadre d'un traumatisme et d'une rééducation postopératoire.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> M.I. Edward , O.S. Ajibade , O.O. Ajibade , K.A. Adepoju Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265483 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Analysis of outcomes of critically ill children mechanically ventilated in a Nigerian Intensive Care Unit (ICU) https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265485 <p><strong>Background</strong>: The number of critically ill paediatric patients requiring ICU admission with mechanical ventilation is increasing. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of critically ill paediatric patients requiring mechanical ventilation in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU).</p> <p><strong>Methodology</strong>: This was a prospective study of all critically ill paediatric patients managed in ICU during the study period. The&nbsp;&nbsp; demographics, indications for admission, diagnosis, type of airway/ventilatory supports, ICU complications, and outcome were reviewed.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: There were eighteen patients with mean age of 8.4±0.54 years. Five (27.8%) had traumatic brain injury and the indication for&nbsp; admission was respiratory failure in 6(33.3%). The median(range) days spent on endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation and ICU&nbsp; stay was 3(1-12), 3(1-6) and 8(1-14) respectively. Fourteen (77.8%) patients had a total of 30 complications. The ten patients (55.5%) who&nbsp; died were mechanically ventilated while of the eight patients that survived, six (33.3%) and one (11.1%) patient each had mechanical ventilation, oxygen insufflation and endotracheal intubation only respectively. Mortality following complication was most significant for&nbsp; pulmonary oedema 0(0%) (P=0.001).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study shows a high rate of morbidity and mortality amongst ventilated paediatric&nbsp; patients especially among those with traumatic brain injury&nbsp;</p> O.O. Oyedepo , E. I. Oparanozie , A.A. Nasir, L.O. Abdur-Rahman Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265485 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Amlodipine induced gingival enlargement: Acase report https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265539 <p>Calcium channel blockers are one of the most prescribed antihypertensive drugs. Their major drawbacks is poor adherence resulting&nbsp; from headaches, pedal swellings, flushing, reflex tachycardia, erectile dysfunctions and rarely gingival enlargement. Gingival&nbsp; enlargement may lead to dental decay, painful mastication and loss of teeth if not detected and treated promptly. The usage of&nbsp; samlodipine has resulted in similar efficacy and less adverse effects. This is a case report of amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement&nbsp; that resolved completely on changing to s-amlodipine.</p> P.D. Yakubu Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265539 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Neurosurgical management of spontaneous intracerebral haematoma in a resource-limited setting: profile and challenges https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265540 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Spontaneous inracerebral haematoma (SICH) is the most devastating type of stroke and challenges of its care in resource-limited settings may worsen its gloomy outlook. There is a need to provide neurosurgical data for SICH in resourcelimited settings. This&nbsp; study provides information about SICH in such a setting.</p> <p><strong>Method</strong>: We conducted a retrospective review of patients who had neurosurgery for SICH at the UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital, Osogbo,&nbsp; Nigeria over an eleven year period (October 2011 to June 2022). Demographics, clinical presentations, operative procedures and&nbsp; outcomes/challenges of care were reviewed. Descriptive and inferential data analyses were performed.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Sixteen patients had neurosurgical procedures for SICH but only 15 had complete data. Males were 13/15(86.7%) and most&nbsp; (66.7%) had admission GCS =8. The mean age was 58.8years (range: 34-80). Most of the patients were elderly (53.3%). Systemic&nbsp; hypertension was the cause in 14(93.3%). There was right-sided and lobar predominance (60.0% and 46.7% respectively) and most&nbsp; (80.0%) had intraventricular extension. The commonest procedure was external ventricular drainage (86.7%) with or without craniotomy&nbsp; (20.0%) / burr hole (13.3%) for haematoma evacuation. Twelve (80.0%) of the patients died. Predictors of poor outcome were low&nbsp; admission GCS, brainstem dysfunction, aspiration/chest infection, seizures and long ictus-to-operation time. Identified challenges of care included delay in presentation, delay in getting CT, difficulty with blood pressure control, lack of hospital facilities and tortuous referral&nbsp; pathway.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The high mortality of SICH and its gloomy outlook may be improved upon by tackling the various identified&nbsp; challenges surrounding its care</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><strong>English title: Prise en charge neurochirurgicale de l'hématome intracérébral spontané dans un contexte&nbsp; à ressources limitées : Profil et défis&nbsp; </strong></em></p> <p><strong>Contexte de l'étude</strong> : L'hématome inracérébral spontané (SICH) est le type des accidents vasculaires cérébraux et les difficultés liées à&nbsp; leur prise en charge dans des contextes aux ressources limitées pourraient aggraver ses sombres perspectives. Il est nécessaire de&nbsp; fournir des données neurochirurgicales pour le SICH dans les contextes à ressources limitées. Cette étude fournit des informations sur le SICH dans un tel contexte.</p> <p><strong>Méthode de l'étude</strong> : Nous avons mené une revue rétrospective de patients ayant subi une neurochirurgie pour SICH à l'hôpital&nbsp; universitaire UNIOSUN, Osogbo, Nigéria sur une période de onze ans (octobre 2011 à juin 2022). Les données démographiques, les&nbsp; présentations cliniques, les procédures opératoires et les résultats/défis des soins ont été examinés. Des analyses de données&nbsp; descriptives et inférentielles ont été effectuées.</p> <p><strong>Résultat de l'étude</strong>: Seize (16) patients ont subi des interventions neurochirurgicales&nbsp; pour SICH, mais seulement 15 disposaient de données complètes. Les hommes étaient 13/15 (86,7 %) et la plupart (66,7 %) avaient un&nbsp; GCS≤8 à l'admission. L'âge moyen était de 58,8 ans (extrêmes : 34-80). La plupart des patients étaient des personnes âgées (53,3 %). L'hypertension systémique était en cause chez 14 d'entre eux (93,3 %). Il y avait une prédominance du côté droit et lobaire (60,0 % et 46,7&nbsp; % respectivement) et la plupart (80,0 %) avaient une extension intraventriculaire. L'intervention la plus courante était le drainage&nbsp; ventriculaire externe (86,7 %) avec ou sans craniotomie (20,0 %) / trou de fraise (13,3 %) pour l'évacuation des hématomes. Douze (80,0&nbsp; %) des patients sont décédés. Les prédicteurs de mauvais résultats étaient un faible GCS à l'admission, un dysfonctionnement du tronc&nbsp; cérébral, une aspiration/infection pulmonaire, des convulsions et un long temps d'intervention avant l'opération. Les défis identifiés en&nbsp; matière de soins comprenaient un retard dans la présentation, un retard dans l'obtention d'un scanner, des difficultés de contrôle de la&nbsp; tension artérielle, le manque d'installations hospitalières et un parcours de référence tortueux.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: La mortalité élevée du SICH&nbsp; et ses sombres perspectives peuvent être améliorées en s'attaquant aux différents défis identifiés entourant sa prise en charge.</p> T.B. Rabiu, O.M. Adebanjo, A.F. Mustapha Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265540 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Pattern of cardiovascular diseases among Nigerians with rheumatoid arthritis https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265541 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory disease. Cardiovascular disease is one of the most critical&nbsp; extra-articular features, responsible for about half of all deaths in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study aims to describe the&nbsp; pattern of cardiovascular diseases among Nigerians with RA.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: A two-year cross-sectional study of 101 consecutive RA patients at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos. Clinical,&nbsp; electrocardiography, and echocardiography assessments of the cardiovascular system were performed.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>:The median age (IQR) of&nbsp; the participants was 50(21) years, 82 (81.2%) females and 19 (18.8%) males. The frequency of cardiovascular disease is 72 (71.3%);&nbsp; specifically, hypertension 55(54.5%), hypertensive heart disease 17(16.8%), electrocardiographic abnormalities 45(44.6%) and echocardiographic abnormalities 40 (39.6%). Age (P = 0.02), sex (P = 0.05), occupation (P = 0.02), synovitis (P = 0.03), seropositivity (P =&nbsp; 0.03) and DAS28ESR (P= 006) were associated cardiovascular diseases.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The prevalence of cardiovascular disorders in&nbsp; Nigerians with RA is high, encompassing a wide range of abnormalities. These abnormalities are higher among the older age group and&nbsp; those with higher disease activity scores.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><strong>French title: Schéma des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de polyarthrite rhumatoïde</strong></em><br><br><strong>Contexte</strong>: La polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR) est une maladie inflammatoire chronique courante. Les maladies cardiovasculaires sont l’une&nbsp; des caractéristiques extra-articulaires les plus critiques, responsables d’environ la moitié de tous les décès chez les patients atteints de&nbsp; polyarthrite rhumatoïde. Cette étude vise à décrire le profil des maladies cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de PR.</p> <p><strong>Méthodes</strong>:&nbsp; Une étude transversale de deux ans portant sur 101 patients atteints de PR consécutifs à l'hôpital universitaire de Jos, à Jos. Des&nbsp; évaluations cliniques, électrocardiographiques et échocardiographiques du système cardiovasculaire ont été réalisées.</p> <p><strong>Résultats</strong>: L'âge&nbsp; médian (IQR) des participants était de 50 (21) ans, 82 (81,2 %) de femmes et 19 (18,8 %) d'hommes. La fréquence des maladies&nbsp; cardiovasculaires est de 72 (71,3 %) ; plus précisément, l'hypertension 55 (54,5 %), la cardiopathie hypertensive 17 (16,8 %), les anomalies&nbsp; électrocardiographiques 45 (44,6 %) et les anomalies échocardiographiques 40 (39,6 %). L'âge (P= 0,02), le sexe (P= 0,05), la profession (P=&nbsp; 0,02), la synovite (P= 0,03), la séropositivité (P= 0,03) et le DAS28ESR (P= 0,06) étaient des maladies cardiovasculaires associées.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: La prévalence des troubles cardiovasculaires chez les Nigérians atteints de PR est élevée et englobe un large éventail&nbsp; d'anomalies. Ces anomalies sont plus élevées chez les personnes plus âgées et chez celles ayant des scores d’activité de la maladie plus&nbsp; élevés.&nbsp;</p> U.C. Uhunmwangho, A.M. Chundung, G.A. Amusa, F.O. Taiwo Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265541 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Relationship between diabetes mellitus and acute stroke: Predictive role of stress hyperglycemic ratio in mortality of acute stroke https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265543 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Stress induced hyperglycemia is one of the commonest metabolic disorder in Acute stroke. The general objective of the&nbsp; study is to determine the prevalence of stress induced hyperglycemia and the predictive value of Stress Hyperglycemic Ratio (SHR) on mortality in acute stroke.</p> <p><strong>Methodology</strong>: This study population included all the patients admitted into the acute stroke ward within the six- month study period at&nbsp; Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) Nigeria. Clinical and sociodemographic data such as age, diabetes mellitus status&nbsp; prior to stroke, brain imaging of confirmed stroke, random blood glucose at admission and glycated hemoglobin. The Stress Induced&nbsp; Hyperglycemic Ratio (SHR) was calculated.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Most patients with DM had acute ischemic stroke (p value 0.005, OR (CI), 3.25 (1.40-7.64). The incidence of SIH was 35%. Over&nbsp; 60% of those who were discharged had no incidence of SIH, hence absence of SIH appears to be a good prognostic factor. Majority of&nbsp; those who died from acute stroke had higher glycated hemoglobin and random blood glucose . The SHR was not predictive of the type of&nbsp; stroke or the mortality in acute stroke.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>:Stress Hyperglycemic ratio (SHR) appears not to play a significant role on determining&nbsp; the type of stroke and mortality in acute stroke.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><em>French title: Relation entre le diabète sucré et l'AVC aigu : rôle prédictif du rapport hyperglycémique&nbsp; de stress dans la mortalité liée à l'AVC aigu</em> </strong></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Contexte de l'étude</strong>: L'hyperglycémie induite par le stress est l'un des troubles métaboliques les plus courants dans les accidents&nbsp; vasculaires cérébraux aigus. Déterminer la prévalence de l'hyperglycémie induite par le stress et la valeur prédictive du rapport&nbsp; hyperglycémique de stress (RSH) sur la mortalité lors d'accidents vasculaires cérébraux aigus.</p> <p><strong>Méthode de l'étude</strong>: Cette population étudiée comprenait tous les patients admis dans le service d'AVC aigu au cours de la période&nbsp; d'étude de six mois à l'hôpital universitaire de l'État de Lagos (LASUTH) au Nigéria. Données cliniques et sociodémographiques telles que&nbsp; l'âge, le statut du diabète sucré avant l'accident vasculaire cérébral, l'imagerie cérébrale d'un accident vasculaire cérébral confirmé,&nbsp; la glycémie aléatoire à l'admission et l'hémoglobine glyquée. Le rapport hyperglycémique induit par le stress (RHS) a été calculé.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Résultat de l'étude</strong>: La plupart des patients atteints de diabète ont eu un accident vasculaire cérébral ischémique aigu (valeur p 0,005,&nbsp; OR(IC), 3,25 (1,40-7,64). L'incidence de le RHS était de 35 %. Plus de 60 % de ceux qui ont obtenu leur congé n'avaient aucune incidence&nbsp; de Le RHS, donc L'absence de RHS semble être un bon facteur pronostique. La majorité des personnes décédées d'un AVC aigu avaient&nbsp; une hémoglobine glyquée et une glycémie aléatoire. Le RHS n'était pas prédictif du type d'AVC ni de la mortalité en cas d'AVC aigu.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Le rapport hyperglycémique de stress (RHS) ne semble pas jouer un rôle significatif dans la détermination du type d'accident vasculaire cérébral et de la mortalité en cas d'accident vasculaire cérébral aigu</p> B.O. Okunowo, A.O. Dada, M.A. Amisu Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265543 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Severe visual impairing pterygia in ten adult eyes in Osun State, Nigeria https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265546 <p><strong>Background</strong>: Pterygium is described as a wedge-shaped fibrovascular, nonmalignant growth of the conjunctiva. It could extend across the limbus. Severe visual impairment and blinding of eyes by pterygia are not seen often in hospitals.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: A community outreach was conducted within Osun State, South Western Nigeria from February to April 2023. Eight adult&nbsp; patients were seen with severe visually impairing pterygia. They all had pterygial excision using bare sclera technique with 50mg/ml of 5&nbsp; fluorouracil (5-FU) cotton bud dab</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Eight patients aged 40years and above had severe visually impairing pterygia, two were&nbsp; bilaterally blind making 10 eyes. Six (75%) out of the eight were males while 2 (25%) were females. They all had stages 3 to 4 pterygium, 2 eyes (20%) were stage 3 while the remaining 8eyes (80%) were stage 4.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Severe visually impairing pterygium is a cause of&nbsp; avoidable blindness that is seen in our community. There is need for community awareness and education on this needless cause of&nbsp; blindness.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><strong>French title: Ptérygion avec déficience visuelle sévère dans dix yeux d'adultes dans l'État d'Osun, Nigéria&nbsp; </strong></em></p> <p><strong>Contexte</strong>: Le&nbsp; ptérygion est décrit comme une croissance fibrovasculaire non maligne en forme de coin de la conjonctive. Cela pourrait s’étendre à&nbsp; travers le limbe. Les déficiences visuelles graves et la cécité des yeux causées par la ptérygie ne sont pas souvent observées dans les&nbsp; hôpitaux.</p> <p><strong>Méthodes</strong>: Une sensibilisation communautaire a été menée dans l’État d’Osun, dans le sud-ouest du Nigéria, de février à avril&nbsp; 2023. Huit patients adultes ont été vus avec une ptérygie sévèrement déficiente visuelle. Ils ont tous subi une excision de ptérygie en&nbsp; utilisant la technique de la sclère nue avec 50 mg/ml de tampon de coton-tige au 5- fluorouracile (5-FU).</p> <p><strong>Résultats</strong>: Huit patients âgés de&nbsp; 40 ans et plus présentaient une ptérygie sévère avec déficience visuelle, deux étaient aveugles bilatéralement soit 10 yeux. Six (75 %) sur&nbsp; huit étaient des hommes, tandis que deux (25 %) étaient des femmes. Ils avaient tous un ptérygion de stade 3 à 4, 2 yeux (20 %) étaient&nbsp; au stade 3 tandis que les 8 yeux restants (80 %) étaient au stade 4.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Les ptérygions malvoyants graves sont une cause de&nbsp; cécité évitable observée dans notre communauté. Il est nécessaire de sensibiliser et d'éduquer la communauté sur cette cause inutile de&nbsp; la cécité.&nbsp;</p> C.O. Adeoti, O.O. Adejumo Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265546 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000 Learning from senior nurse educators: Reflections on values of classroom teaching session observation in nursing education https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265547 <p>Observation and communication with others in the discipline are crucial for professional development, particularly in nursing education&nbsp; for new faculty and nurses transitioning to become educators. Classroom observation is a valuable way to learn how to teach and gain&nbsp; insights into teaching and learning. This paper aims to communicate the author's critical reflection after observation of various&nbsp; classroom teaching sessions by focusing more on factors and teaching behaviors that could contribute to students' development of&nbsp; professional knowledge, attitudes, and skills. In addition, the author discussed students' responses to the used teaching strategies and&nbsp; his own beliefs about teaching and learning inherent in the similar situation. Finally, the author described possible other strategies&nbsp; educators would employ if teaching the same situation.&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><em>French title: Apprendre des infirmières enseignantes principales: Réflexions sur les valeurs&nbsp; de l'observation des séances d'enseignement en classe dans la formation infirmière</em> </strong></p> <p>L'observation et la communication avec les autres membres de la discipline sont cruciales pour le développement professionnel, en particulier dans la formation infirmière pour les nouveaux professeurs et les infirmières en transition&nbsp; pour devenir éducatrices. L’observation en classe est un moyen précieux d’apprendre à enseigner et d’acquérir des connaissances sur&nbsp; l’enseignement et l’apprentissage. Cet article vise à communiquer la réflexion critique de l’auteur après l’observation de diverses&nbsp; séances d’enseignement en classe en se concentrant davantage sur les facteurs et les comportements pédagogiques qui pourraient&nbsp; contribuer au développement des connaissances, attitudes et compétences professionnelles des étudiants. En outre, l'auteur a discuté&nbsp; des réponses des étudiants aux stratégies d'enseignement utilisées et de ses propres croyances sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage&nbsp; inhérentes à une situation similaire. Enfin, l’auteur a décrit d’autres stratégies possibles que les éducateurs pourraient employer s’ils&nbsp;&nbsp; enseignaient la même situation.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> J.P. Ndayisenga Copyright (c) 2024 https://www.ajol.info/index.php/rejhs/article/view/265547 Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000