Evaluation of faba beans (<i>Vicia faba</i> cv. Fiord) and sweet lupins (<i>Lupizus albus</i> cv. Kiev) as protein sources for growing pigs

Abstract

Three diets were formulated to contain16 % acrude protein( CP),1 2.8M J/kg digestiblee nergy( DE) and0 .9% lysineo n an air-dry basis.T he diets eitherc ontained8 .37of -ishmeal,207foa bab eansp lus 7.9%,s oybeano ilcakem eal (SBOK) or 20o/o low alkaloidl upinsp lus 8.8%S BOK as proteins ourcesT. he lattert wo dietsw erec omparedin a metabolisma nd nitrogen (N) balancet rial usinga completelyr andomizedd esigna nds ix pigs/treatmenAt.l l threed ietsw eree valuatedin a growth trial using l0 pigs( flveb oarsa ndf lve gilts)o vert heg rowthi nterval3 0-90 kg. The experimentadle signw asa 3 (diets)x 2 (sex)f 'actorialC. arcassc haracteristicwse red etermineda t thee ndo f theg rowtht rial.P igsi n the metabolisrna ndN balance trial consurned5 % less( P < 0.01)o 1'thel upind ietc omparedto the fabab eand iet (l 370 vs. | 440 gld).N o significandt ift'erenceisn the digestiblee nergy( DE) contenta nd in apparenNt retentionb etweent he two dietso ccurred.I n the growth trial loweri ntakel evels( P < 0.01)w ereo ncea gaino bservedin pigso n thel upin diet( 2 489g id) cornparedto the fabab ean (2 631g id) andf lshmeadl iets( 2 668g id).P igso n thel upind ietg rew( P < 0.01)s lowert hanp igso n theo thert wo diets( 768 g/d vs. 857 g/d and 869 g/d for the fabab eana ndf lshmeald ietsr espectively)T. he feedc onversionr atio of pigs on the lupin diet (3.27k g/kg gain)t endedt o be poorerthanf orthoseo n the fababean( 3.03k g/kg gain)a ndf ishmeald iets( 3.12kgkg gain).N o signilicantd ifferencesw ereo bservedin dressingp ercentag(em eanv alueo f 78Vo)e, yem usclea rea( meanv alue of 4l .3 cmll or Pr-back-af t thickness(m eanv alueo f 16 mm) ol pigso n thed iff-erendti ets.B oth fabab eana ndl ow alkaloid lupinsc an be useda t levelso f up to 207oi n dietso f growingp igs,a lthoughlo werp roductionfi guresm ay be expected on lupin diets.

Drie garsgebaseerddeiC tem et 8.3% vismeel,207rf,a babonep lus7 .9Vos ojaboon-oliekoekme(eSlB OK) en 20% lae-alkaloied- lupieneplus8.S%SBOKasproteienbronneissaamognetsotnegl eveer167oruproteie1n2e.,8 MJ-ver teerbareenergie cn0.9o/ r , l isieonp 'n lLrgdrobda sist e bevatD. ie lababoone-n lupicrndieitsc m etm ekaarv ergelykin 'n metabol isnteen st ikstol'( N)-balansstr.rndticet sesv arke/diectA. l die di€te( n = l0/dieet)i s in'n groeistudiem et l0 varke( 30-90 kg) vergelyk. Karkaseienskappise a and ie eindev and ie periodeb epaalM. et die metabolisniestudhieet v arkeo p die lupien dieet( I 370g /d) laer( P < 0.01) innarnesg ehada s varkeo p die fababoond ieet( 14'10g /d).I n die groeistudieh et varkeo p die lupiendieet (2489 g/d) erveneenlsa cr( P< 0.01)i nnamesa so p die fababoon(2 637 g/d)o f vismeeldiee(t2 668 g/d)g ehad.V arkeo p die lupiendiee(t7 68 g/d; het I I c/a( P 3 0.01)s tadigegr egroeia s varkeo p die fababoone- n vismeeldiete(8 57 g/d en 869 g/d rcspektieu,elikD).i e voeromsettingsdoeltreffendh(neiied b etekenisvolw) as onderskeideli3k. 27k g/kg toename( lupiene), 3.03 kg/kg toename( fababone)e n 3.12 kglkg toename( vismeel).G een betekenisvolleve rskillei n uitslagpersentasie (gemicldelc7l8 Va)o, ogspieroppervlak(tgee middeld4 1.3c mr)of P.-rugvetdikt(eg emiddeldl6 mm) tussend ietei s waargeneemn ie.D it blyk dat sowelf ababonea sl ae-alkaloied-lupietneee nv lakkev ant ot 20% in dietev ir groeiendev arkeg ebruik kan word, alhoervel 'n lacrp roduksiepersentabsyie v arkeo p lupiengevoerddeie tev erwagk an word.

Keywords: Faba bean, lupin, pigs, protein source.