Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activities of ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>) collected from different parts of Kaduna State against selected bacteria isolated from wound

Abstract

This study was aimed at screening the phytochemical constituents of Z. officinale extracts from different zones of Kaduna State, Nigeria and evaluating its antibacterial activity against some clinical bacteria isolates. The samples of Z. officinale were obtained from three zones of Kaduna State. The clinical isolates including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from Garkuwa Specialist Hospital, Kaduna. The phytochemicals were analyzed qualitatively and agar well diffusion assay as well as tube dilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity. The study revealed the presence of phytochemicals such as phlobotannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids and glycoside in the extracts. The highest activity was observed with the methanolic extract of Z. officinale from zone 3 at the concentration of 50 mg/ml against P. aeruginosa (31.6 mm). Likewise, the methanolic extract of Z. officinale obtained from zone 3 had the greater MIC toward P. aeruginosa (12.5 mg/ml). Whereas, the values of MBC of methanolic crude extract of Z. officinale obtained from the three zones are the same (50 mg/ml). The study shows the potential of Z. officinale in the treatment of bacterial infections.