Evaluation of external and internal traits of eggs from three poultry species at different storage durations in tropical environment

Abstract

This study evaluated the external and internal traits of eggs from three indigenous poultry species (domestic chicken, duck and guinea fowl) at different storage durations. A total of 147 freshly laid eggs of domestic chicken, duck and guinea fowl were collected from reputable poultry farms. Seven fresh egg samples for each species were measured within 2 hours at day 0 of being laid. Each egg was weighed and broken, and the height of the albumen and egg yolk was measured. Forty-two eggs of each species were thereafter stored for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days at room condition (Average temp 26.6°C and Relative humidity 88%). Data obtained were arranged in a 3 × 7 factorial experimental layout in a completely randomized design. All external and internal parameters measured were significantly (p<0.05) influenced except egg width and egg shape index. Guinea fowl eggs had the highest Haugh unit compared to other species of birds investigated. The Haugh unit of duck egg was adversely affected (p<0.05) by prolonged storage durations. Guinea fowl eggs had the least (p<0.05) egg weight loss and shell surface area while duck egg
weight loss was highest. This study concluded that domestic chicken, duck and guinea fowl eggs can be stored at room  temperature and relative humidity of about 26.6⁰C and 88% for a maximum duration of about 20 days.

Keywords: egg traits, domestic chicken, duck, guinea fowl, storage durations