The Tropical Journal of Health Sciences

Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Attendees of Antenatal Care Clinics at Primary Health Care Centres in North-Central, Nigeria

2025-05-26T13:58:03+00:00

The prevalence of HBV infection is increasing in our community and certain factors have been identified as determinants. There is a need to address risk factors. More efforts needs to be put towards preventive strategies such as increased awareness and routine screening among others. These will help to ensure adequate prevention and control of the disease.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a that infects liver cells, and causes an infectious disease of global significance. Several factors predisposes to HBV infection, some of these are peculiar to pregnant women, and infection in them could lead to maternal to child transmission of the disease. Hepadnavirus The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis B Virus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC).

Material and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 pregnant women attending antenatal care between February and March 2024. The respondents were selected using multistage sampling technique and interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from them, after which blood samples were collected for Data was collated and analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 28 (SPSS-28). HBsAg detection.

Results: Respondent's age ranged from 18 to 44 years with a mean of 25 ± 5.45 years. The majority were between 20-24 years of age. The prevalence of HBV infection in the study was 12.6%. The factors found to have a statistically significant association with prevalence of HBV infection were: age, family type, previous blood transfusion, multiple sexual partner, previous hospital procedure, having a spouse with HBV infection, history of abortion, previous check of HBV status and previous result of HBV infection status.

Conclusion/Recommendations: The prevalence of HBV infection is increasing in our community and certain factors have been identified as determinants. There is a need to address risk factors. More efforts needs to be put towards preventive strategies such as increased awareness and routine screening among others. These will help to ensure adequate prevention and control of the disease.

Assessment of prescription quality and incidence of drug therapy problems among patients in selected primary health facilities in Maiduguri metropolitan area, Borno State

2025-05-27T06:35:07+00:00

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Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional retrospective review of prescriptions obtained from the medical records of 1000 patients in five PHC. Demographic data, drugs prescribed, diagnosis and other relevant information were extracted from medical records. WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicator was used to assess prescription quality, while DTPs were identified using Beers criteria, STOPP/START, NORGEP criteria. The data was entered into Microsoft excel and cleaned before being loaded into SPSS version 21 for analysis using descriptive statistics.

Background: The quality of medicine utilization at PHCs has been a matter of concern because of lack of skilled healthcare professionals and challenges with government funding. There is little information on quality of drug utilization following the use of PHCs as the major provider of basic medical services for internally displaced persons in Borno State. This study therefore aims to assess quality of drug prescriptions and also identify drug therapy problems (DTPs).

Results: The most prescribed drugs included analgesics (100%), antibiotics (79.6%), antimalarials (48.6%) and antihypertensives (25.9%). DTPs were identified in more than half of all prescriptions (52.5%) and mostly involved antibiotics (38.8%), analgesics (28.5%), proton pump inhibitors (23.3%) and corticosteroids (10.4%). DTPs found included wrong drug, untreated conditions, unnecessary drug therapy and polypharmacy.

Conclusion: Drugs prescribing quality was poor and characterized by high level DTPs, irrational antibiotic use and polypharmacy. This may increase the risk of microbial resistance to commonly used antibiotics and adverse drug reactions.

A Survey of knowledge and perception of surrogacy among health care providers in selected institutions in Ilorin

2025-05-27T07:09:58+00:00

Background: Surrogacy is a type of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) whereby a third party carry a pregnancy on behalf of another couple, delivers a baby and hands the child to the commissioning parents at birth.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of Health workers in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) and University of Ilorin Health Centre. A self administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on the knowledge of surrogacy, perception and attitudes toward surrogacy. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. A total of 402 health workers of various categories participated in this study.

Results: Majority (85. %) of respondents had previous knowledge of surrogacy with the commonest source of information being the health facility (3 %). Less than 20% of the respondents had previously seen a baby born through surrogacy. About two-thirds of respondents (66.7%) opined that the intended mother should be the legal mother of the child in full surrogacy, while 54 % supported the intended mother being the legal mother in partial surrogacy. Majority of respondents (79.4%) opined that the intended father should be the legal father of the child.Knowledge and awareness of surrogacy among the respondents was high.

Conclusion/Recommendations: There is high level of awareness and knowledge of surrogacy among the respondents. The high level of knowledge and awareness did not reflect in the attitudes and perception toward surrogacy. There is also low acceptability of surrogacy as a means of assisted reproductive therapy among our respondents.

Newbouldia Laevis Enhanced Bcl-2 Expression and Germinal Epithelial Proliferation in adolescent Wistar rats

2025-05-27T07:40:00+00:00

No Abstract

Sub-Acute Toxicological Evaluation of An Artemesia-Based Moringa Supplement (AMS)

2025-05-27T07:51:01+00:00

No Abstract

Ameliorative Effects of Nigella Sativa Oil on Permethrin Induced Neurotoxicity in the Cerebellum of Male Wistar Rats

2025-05-27T07:57:53+00:00

No Abstract

Review of Plamodium vivax Malaria in Indonesia and Malaysia: Epidemiology of The Infection and The Presence of The Vector Across Time

2025-05-27T08:04:31+00:00

No Abstract