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Synthesis of N-substituted acetamide derivatives of azinane-bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazole nucleus and screening for antibacterial activity


Kashif Iqbal
Qaiser Jamal
Javeid Iqbal
Maria Sadaf Afreen
Muhammad Zeeshan Ahmed Sandhu
Eshwa Dar
Umar Farooq
Mohammad Fahd Mushtaq
Numera Arshad
Muhammad Mohsin Iqbal

Abstract

Purpose: To synthesize some acetamide derivatives bearing azinane and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocyclic cores and to evaluate their antibacterial potentials.
Methods: Ethyl piperidin-4-carboxylate (2) was converted to ethyl 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin- 4-carboxylate (3), 1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-carbohydrazide (4) and 5-[1-(4-
chlorophenylsulfonyl)-4-piperidinyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (5) using three consecutive steps. The target molecules, 5-{1-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(substituted)-2-acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4- oxadiazole (8a-n) were synthesized by stirring 5 and N-aryl-2-bromoacetamides (7a-n) in an aprotic polar solvent. The structures were corroborated by infrared (IR), electron impact mass spectrometry (EIMS) and proton/carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H/13C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The evaluation of antibacterial activity was based on the effect on the increase in absorbance of the broth medium due to log phase microbial growth.
Results: Compound 8g bearing a 2-methylphenyl group was the most the active growth inhibitor of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains with minimum  inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 10.63±0.97, 10.31±1.00, 10.45 ± 0.94 and 11.77±5.00 μM, respectively. Ciprofloxacin was used as reference standard.
Conclusion: All the synthesized compounds are moderate inhibitors but relatively more active against Gram-negative bacterial strains. 5-{1-[(4- Chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]piperidin-4-yl}-2-{[N-(2-methylphenyl)-2- acetamoyl]thio]}-1,3,4-oxadiazole (8g) is the most active growth inhibitor of all the strains except Staphylococcus aureus.


Keywords: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole, Acetamides, Antibacterial activity, Piperidine


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eISSN: 1596-9827
print ISSN: 1596-5996