Pterostilbene prevents intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury in wistar rats via modulation of antioxidant defense and inflammation
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the protective mechanisms afforded by pterostilbene against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion ( II/R ) injury in Wistar rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: Control group; intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) group; pterostilbene only group (20 mg/kg) of body weight and pterostilbene followed by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) treated group. The study evaluated oxidative stress markers, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide levels, protein carbonyl content, antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione content) and membrane-bound ATPase activity. The levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, including nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β), were also evaluated.
Results: The results showed that pterostilbene (20 mg/kg) followed by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) significantly lowered the level of lipid peroxidation (41.33 %), protein carbonyl content (PCC, 44.18 %) and ROS (29.14 %) (p < 0.001) but significantly restored membrane-bound ATPase activities (Ca2+ATPase, 30.76 %; Na+/K+ATPase, 21.42 %; Mg2+ATPase, 30.06 %) (p < 0.003), compared with rats induced with II/R. Furthermore, pterostilbene significantly down-regulated NF-κB and COX-2 expressions (30 %, p < 0.05) compared to rats with II/R injury.
Conclusion: The study reveals that pterostilbene offers significant protective activity in rats owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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