Design and implementation of Solar Iot Wireless Power Transfer System (SIWPTS) for low-power appliances

Abstract

This study details the design and execution of a solar-powered wireless power transfer system specifically designed for small household appliances. The system utilises solar energy as a sustainable power source and implements wireless power transfer technology to offer a convenient and effective alternative for powering low-power gadgets in a domestic setting. The emphasis is on resolving critical technical issues and enhancing system performance to provide a dependable power supply to various small appliances, such as smart home gadgets, IoT sensors, and portable electronics. The system provides flexibility, scalability, and environmental sustainability through an integration of solar panels, power electronics, and  wireless communication modules, thereby promoting sustainable energy practices and improving user ease. The radiative approach was employed, dividing the system into segments, including receiving and transmitting modules. These modules consist of passive and active elements, including resistors, capacitors, and inductors of diverse values. The system consists of copper coils measuring L=0.5 m, a rectification circuit, a voltage regulator, an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module controller, a DCto-DC converter (LM2596) with a maximum output of 28 V DC and 2 A current, and an INA219 current sensor module with OLED units that display the system's activities and status. The system exhibited an optimal efficiency of 80%–95%, delivering an output power of 10 W, sufficient to charge various tiny devices, including phones, MP3 players, cameras, and other little household appliances with input power requirements between 3 and 9.5 W. The transmitter and receiver operate at a range of 2m to 5m, while the output current and voltage at the receiving end vary from 2V to 5V and 1.8A to 4A, respectively. Experimental validation and performance analysis demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the constructed solar-based wireless power transfer system, highlighting its potential for practical  implementation in modern households.