Protective properties of yoyo cleanser bitters against mercury ii chloride (HgCl₂)- induced kidney damage in adult wistar rats

Abstract

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of oral administration of Yoyo Cleanser Bitters on the mercuric chloride-induced kidney damage in adult Wistar rats. Thirty adult Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 210 g were grouped into six groups of five rats each. Group A animals served as control that were neither . administered with HgCl nor Yoyo Cleanser Bitters Groups B, E and F animals 2 were treated with oral administration of 5 mg/kg body weight HgCl . In addition, 2 groups E and F were treated daily with 0.429 ml/kg body weight and 0.857 ml/kg body weight of Yoyo Cleanser Bitters respectively, for 28 days. Groups C and D animals were treated with oral administration of 0.429 ml/kg body weight and 0.857 ml/kg body weight of Yoyo Cleanser Bitters only respectively, for 28 days. After 28 days, the animals were anesthetized via chloroform inhalation and the kidneys were harvested for routine histological and oxidative stress analysis. Significant (P < 0.05) increase in MDA level and significant (P < 0.05) decrease in SOD level were observed in the group treated with mercuric-chloride only when compared with the control group. There was no significant differences (P>0.05) in MDA and SOD levels when the groups treated with Yoyo Cleanser Bitters only were compared with the control group. More so, there was no significant differences (P>0.05) in MDA and SOD levels when the groups treated with mercuric chloride followed by Yoyo Cleanser Bitters were compared with the control group. It could, thus, be inferred from this that Yoyo Cleanser Bitters modulated the changes in MDA and SOD caused by mercuric-chloride. The histological results also showed that the kidneys from the groups treated daily with oral administration of 5 mg/kg body weight of HgCl2 followed 0.429 ml/kg body weight and 0.857 ml/kg body weight of Yoyo Cleanser Bitters for 28 days respectively were essentially normal similar to the control group. From this study, it can be concluded that Yoyo Cleanser Bitters has a protective ability on mercuric chloride-induced kidney toxicity.