Hepatoprotective effect of basil (<i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L.) on CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in rats

Abstract

The hepatoprotective effect of basil (Ocimum basilicum) extract against liver fibrosis-induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was studied in rats. Rats were allocated into five groups: Group I (control group); Group II [CCl₄ group; rats were injected subcutaneously with CCl₄ (1 ml/kg b.w.) twice weekly for 4 weeks (phenobarbital, 350 mg/L, was added to the drinking water throughout the experiment)]; Group III received daily oral doses of basil extract of 200 mg/kg b.w. along with CCl4 and phenobarbital for 6 weeks; Groups IV and V rats were treated with phenobarbital and CCl₄ for 6 weeks then treated daily with oral dose of 200 mg/kg b.w basil extract, or by 300 mg/kg b.w dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate (DDB), respectively for 6 weeks. Basil-treatment significantly reduced the liver content of hydroxyproline and significantly increased the activity of hyaluronidase (HAase). The hepatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was stimulated while the lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced by the effect of basil extract. Treatment with CCl₄ significantly increased the activities of transaminases [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)], and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). These activities were significantly decreased by basil extract. The higher levels of serum urea and creatinine in CCl₄ group were significantly guarded by the protection of basil.

Key words: Carbon tetrachloride, liver fibrosis, antioxidant, Ocimum basilicum, dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate.