Use of pheromone-baited traps for monitoring <i>Ips sexdentatus</i> (Boerner) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in oriental spruce stands

Abstract

The population level and flight periods of Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) was determined according to certain stand dynamics, altitude steps and temperatures based on the capture amounts in pheromone traps hung on some spruce stands in the oriental spruce, Picea orientalis (L.) Link. Forests of Turkey in 2006 to 2009. Average number of I. sexdentatus was statistically different between years and average annual highest number of captured beetles showed differences according to regions. The averages of the numbers of beetles caught in two different altitudes in two separate years are statistically different. In higher altitudes, average number of beetles caught per trap was higher. Provided data showed that I. sexdentatus has at least 2 generations in the forests of the region. First adult flight ranged from end of April to mid-June in both altitude steps, while second flight started in mid-June and continued until the mid-September. It was concluded that the beetles that were caught during fourth week of August and first week of September were the adults that would start a third generation. The predator species Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) was caught in the pheromone traps as well as I. sexdentatus. In each trap, an average of 43.92 I. sexdentatus adults was captured per 1 T. formicarius adult. A total of 18 I. typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults were captured by 5 traps containing Tryphreon Ipstyp aggregation pheromones. The trapping works in the research region have once again detected the existence of this species, which has densities that cannot be detected by other methods, and which is very dangerous for spruce stands since the first detection 75 years ago.

Key words: Ips sexdentatus, pheromone baited traps, monitoring.