Serological Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (Fmdv) Sat 1 and Sat 2 Antibodies in Nigerian Cattle

Abstract

The prevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease virus (FMDV) serotypes SAT 1 and SAT 2 antibodies among Nigerian cattle was determined using complement fixation (CF) and neutralization tests (NT) in 2000 cattle sera obtained from nine northern states. The two serological tests were very specific and sensitive enough to detect and quantify the antibody levels in the infected animals. The disease prevalence by CF and NT were 46.79 and 53.15% respectively. These figures were lower than that obtained in 1987 (55%). Plateau and Bauchi States maintained the highest positive cases with SAT 1 virus serotype using CF (44.8 and 43.6%) and also using NT tests, (51.2 and 46.8%) respectively. For SAT 2 virus, Borno and Adamawa States had the highest prevalence with CF, (41.00 and 30.50%) and with NT (46.50 and 29.50%) respectively. These results are of economic significant, since the animals were not vaccinated against FMD. Further studies on other FMD virus serotypes in other states are advocated.