Proximate, Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Dioscorea dumetorum Pax

Abstract

Proximate, mineral and phytochemical composition of Dioscorea dumetorum tubers was investigated using standard procedures. Proximate analysis included in g% dry weight: crude protein (6.44 ± 0.32), crude fat (0.75 ± 0.04), crude fibre (15.00 ± 0.56), total ash (3.45 ± 0.20) and a moisture content of 70.04 ± 2.37 g% wet weight. A low value of 19.36% was recorded for total carbohydrate and 109.95 kcal/100g as calorific content. Mineral analysis revealed this order in concentration K>Mg>Na>Ca>Fe>Mn>Cu>Zn>P. Potassium and magnesium levels were 17,036.00 and 1,630.50 ppm respectively. Phytochemical screening of the tuber revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. Tannins and anthraquinones were not detected. The results justify the medicinal use of the tuber and suggest it could contribute to the nutrition of man and animal. Its low calorific content may be beneficial to dieters. 

Keywords: Dioscorea dumetorum, proximate composition, mineral analysis, phytochemical screening